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The Cold War The Cold War The Cold War The Cold War

The Cold War began after World War II as the world divided into two opposing camps - the democratic West led by the United States and the communist East led by the Soviet Union. Tensions escalated over issues like the fate of Germany and Eastern Europe, leading to the Berlin Blockade and Airlift. The Cold War reached its height in the 1950s as both sides built up their nuclear arsenals and engaged in proxy wars like the Korean War. By the late 1980s, new Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev introduced reforms that helped end the Cold War as the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991.

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Ankur Bhatt
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© © All Rights Reserved
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102 views

The Cold War The Cold War The Cold War The Cold War

The Cold War began after World War II as the world divided into two opposing camps - the democratic West led by the United States and the communist East led by the Soviet Union. Tensions escalated over issues like the fate of Germany and Eastern Europe, leading to the Berlin Blockade and Airlift. The Cold War reached its height in the 1950s as both sides built up their nuclear arsenals and engaged in proxy wars like the Korean War. By the late 1980s, new Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev introduced reforms that helped end the Cold War as the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991.

Uploaded by

Ankur Bhatt
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THE COLD WAR

I. A Bipolar World
I
II. Onset and Declaration
III. Height of the Cold War
IV.
IV Vietnam and Detente
V. End Game
A International Level
A.
„ Bipolar World
„ Germany and Japan destroyed
„ B it i and
Britain d France
F drained
d i d
„ US and USSR as ‘Superpowers’
• Atomic Weapons
„ Redrawing of Borders
B. Domestic Level
„ Germany and Japan in defeat
„ USSR as dominant
d i t European
E power
• Security concerns
„ End
d off American isolationism
l
• Anti
Anti--communism
„ Britain and France
• Dean Acheson: “Britain has lost an
empire
i but
b t yett to
t find
fi d a role”
l ”
„ Rebuilding and Adjustment
C.
C Individuals

‘Big
Big Three
Three’ ‘Big
Big Three’
Three (Attlee,
(Attlee
(Churchill, FDR, Truman, Stalin) at
Stalin) at Yalta, Potsdam, August
F b
February 1945 1945
II. Onset and Declaration
„ Kennan’s ‘Long Telegram’ (Feb. ‘46)
„ Fate of Poland and East Europe
p
• Czech Coup (February 1948
1948))
„ Division of Germany
„ Berlin Airlift (June 1948-
1948-May 1949)
„ Far
Fa East
Berlin Airlift
• Korea division
• Mao in China (Oct. 1949)
„ Atomic Bomb
• US 1945; USSR 1949
Europe
in 1947
The Division of Germany
II.
II Onset and Declaration
„ Truman Doctrine (March 1947)
• “I believe it must be the policy of the
United States to support free peoples
who are resisting attempted subjugation
by armed minorities or by outside
p
pressures.”
„ European Recovery Plan (or ‘Marshall
Plan’ June 1947)
„ George Kennan’s ‘X Article’ (July 1947)
• Containment Policy
„ Formation of NATO (April 1949)
Causes of the Cold War: Realism
Causes of the Cold War: Liberalism
Causes of the Cold War: Identity
III Height of the Cold War
III.
„ NSC 68 ((April
p 1950))
„ Korean War (1950-
(1950-1953)
„ Eisenhower and
Khrushchev (1953)
„ ‘Secret
‘S t Speech
S h (1956)
(1956)
„ Hungarian Uprising and
Suez (1956)
„ Sputnik
p Launched ((1957))
III. Height of the Cold War
„ JFK becomes President (1961)
• “…we shall ppay
y anyy price,
p , bear any
y
burden…to assure the survival and
success of liberty.” (Inaugural Address)
„ Cuban
b Revolution
l ((1959))
„ Bay of Pigs Invasion (April 1961)
„ Berlin Wall
((August
g 1961))
„ Cuban Missile Crisis
(October 1962)
The Berlin Wall Goes Up
IV Vietnam and Detente
IV.
„ Vietnam Divided
„ Tonkin Gulf Resolution
((1964)) and Escalation
„ Tet Offensive (1968)
„ Bombing and Cambodia
„ Paris Peace Accords
(1973)
„ North Vietnamese
Victory (April 1975)
IV Vietnam and Detente
IV.
„ The Logic
g of ‘Détente’
• SALT I and II
p
• Openingg to China
• Kissinger’s ‘Linkage Strategy’
Nixon
„ Problems with Détente tries
detente
„ Carter and Human Rights
• Jackson
J k
Jackson--Vanik
V ik Amendments
A d t
• Soviets in Afghanistan (‘79)
• Carter Doctrine
V. End Game
„ Reagan and the New Cold War
„ ‘Peaceful Coexistence’ to ‘Evil Empire’
„ Massive US military build-
build-up
„ Invasion of Grenada (1983)
(1983)
„ Intermediate Missiles in Europe
„ Strategic Defense “Mr. Gorbachev, tear
down this wall.”

Initiative (SDI or
‘Star Wars’-
Wars’-1984)
V. End Game
„ Mikhail Gorbachev (1985-
(1985-91)
• Glasnost and Perestroika
• ‘New Thinking’ on Foreign Policy
„ Tiananmen Square (June 1989)
„ Berlin Wall Down ((Nov.
Nov. 1989)
1989)
„ Failed in Moscow
(Aug.1991))
(Aug.1991
„ Soviet
S i tU Union
i Dissolved
Di l d
(Dec. 31, 1991)
Perspectives on the Cold War’s End

Realist

Liberal

Identity

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