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British Vehicle Camouflage, 1939-

45.
Version 6, JANUARY 2008
Mike Starmer and Mike Cooper

Please discard or delete any versions earlier than this.

This summary is © Mike Starmer and Mike Cooper, 2008.

During the Second World War British AFV and vehicle camouflage was
determined by a number of Army Council Instructions (A.C.I.s) and
Military Training Pamphlets (M.T.P.s), with General Orders (G.Os) used in
the Middle East. Colours used were supplied pre-mixed, matching two
British Standards: BS.381C of 1930 and BS.987C of 1942, together with
some non-standard paints for specific purposes. In the Middle East
locally produced theatre colours that did not match these standards were
introduced during 1942-43.

EUROPE .

Up till 1939 an overall gloss colour of Deep Bronze Green No.24 was the
usual finish for all vehicles. In photographs often appears as almost
black.

1939-41 – Bold horizontal/ diagonal patterns of two greens following

M.T.P. 20 of June 1939. The most usual colours were a basic of Khaki
Green No. 3 and Dark Green No.4. Plain G3 was an occasional
alternative. Infantry tanks Matilda I & II appear quite dark in tone,
possibly Khaki Green No. 3 and Deep Bronze Green No. 24 in some cases.

January 1941.
A variation of colour took place with A.C.I. 1559. Wood and metal
bodywork was to be painted Khaki Green No. 3 and Nobel’s Dark Tarmac
No. 4 with canvas hoods and tilts in S.C.C. 7 and S.C.C 1A to the same
pattern as M.T.P. 20 thus resulting in a green/ black-grey and green/
brown scheme.
1941- 42 – Standard Camouflage Colour Shades ( S.C.Cs.) from BS.987C
came into use alongside and then supplanting, the greens, but in the
same M.T.P. patterns. The basic shade was Khaki Green 3 or S.C.C. 2
with S.C.C. 1A over it. These browns were introduced as a result of a
severe shortage of a vital chemical agent used to produce strong greens.

1942- 44 – M.T.P. 46/4A introduce new toned schemes aimed primarily

against aerial observation, usually using the BS.987C browns as laid down
in A.C.I. 1160 of May 1942. The most common versions were variants of
the ‘Foliage’ pattern and the ‘Mickey Mouse’ variant of the ‘Dapple’
pattern. Vehicles continued to be delivered and used in plain S.C.C. 2
following A.C.I. 1160 which gave S.C.C. 2 as “Basic Paint”. In October
1943 A.C.I. 1496 authorised S.C.C. 14 (black) as the main shade over
S.C.C. 2. For illustrations of this and M.T.P. 20 schemes see
http://milfax2003.tripod.com

1944 – 45 The final change in colouring came in April 1944 when A.C.I.
533 authorised S.C.C. 15 Olive Drab for use as the new basic colour,
partially to remove the need to repaint US supplied vehicles. S.C.C. 15
Olive Drab was used to cover the obsolete S.C.C. 2 in M.T.P. 46/4A
patterns or on its own, particularly after the abandonment of disruptive
painting with A.C.I. 1100 of August 1944 except on vehicles still in S.C.C.
2.

In Italy vehicles used Home Forces schemes as outlined above, but others
showed the remnants of their final North African schemes or the new
scheme introduced by General Order of April 1943 which used bold
standard patterns of Blue-Black or dark olive green over a basic colour
of ‘Light Mud’.

Although some were repainted many Lend-Lease vehicles retained their

base coat of U.S. No.9 Olive Drab.

Interiors of tanks were silver from 1930s until 1940 when gloss white
first came into use. U.S. supplied tanks used gloss white. Softskin
vehicles were the basic colour inside.

Softskins - As details above except;

Pre-war – 1941 – Tilts are a light canvas colour, in 1940-41 painted over
with M.T.P. 20 bands in the darker colour used – usually G3. Tilts could
also be dyed Khaki Green No. 3 over which G4 might be painted.
August 1941 – A.C.I. 1559 authorises the use of Khaki Green No. 3 and
Nobel’s Dark Tarmac Green No.4 on bodywork with bituminous emulsion
of S.C.C. 7 and S.C.C. 1A (dark brown) on canvas surfaces. The
evidence available at present suggests that Nobel’s Dark Tarmac Green
No.4 is a very dark blue-grey.

November 1941 - A.C.I. 1559 is cancelled by A.C.I. 2202. With M.T.P.

20 still specified all top horizontal surfaces are to be S.C.C. 1A or if
unavailable S.C.C. 14 (black). S.C.C. 2 to be used to restore faded
tilts. Photographs and film show this in use with M.T.P. 20 bands. They
also show M.T.P.46/ 4A pattern overlaying a sharp straight line between
a dark top and medium sides. New tilts and hoods were now
manufactured from canvas dyed to a near match for S.C.C. 2.

August 1944 - A.C.I. 1100 – Tilts to be dyed S.C.C. 15 Olive Drab

rather than S.C.C. 2. Bituminous Emulsion S.C.C. 7 (green) may be
used on tents, penthouses and hoods where S.C.C. 15 was not available.

MIDDLE EAST
Middle East practice was determined by local General Orders and, due to
supply problems, more variation is apparent than that in Europe.

1935 – 1939 In 1936 the 11th Hussars had Rolls-Royce and Crossley
armoured cars together with support trucks in Silver with gloss Black
disruptive bands. In the same year 6 RTC Vickers Medium tanks were in
BS.52 Pale Cream with a fairly standard disruptive pattern of BS.46 Red
Oxide applied. By 1937 this pattern had changed somewhat but was the
same on every tank and used the same colours. The 11th Hussars
meantime had adopted the same cream/ red colours and established a
fairly regular pattern on their Rolls-Royce cars. This unit utilised other
colours up to 1939 but the pattern remained. By this time various other
units in Egypt has also adopted disruptive painting of various styles and
colours.

1939 – 1940 - On 25 July 1939 G.O 370 specified a basic colour of BS.
62 Middle Stone with a disruptive patterning of ‘Dark Sand’ in style
similar to M.T.P. 20. This scheme appears relatively common in Egypt in
summer of 1940.

1940 - 1941 - By mid to late 1940 many newly arrived vehicles and
tanks appear to be painted a plain overall colour, BS. 52 Pale Cream is
cited for the 6 RTR new A9 cruisers, whilst the more normal colours
seem to have been Light Stone No.61 or Portland Stone No.64. However
about November 1940 a new scheme was specified in G.O 297. This
scheme comprised the tri-coloured disruptive designs now known as
‘Caunter Scheme’. Very many AFVs and softskins carried this scheme of
Portland Stone No.64 basic with Silver Grey No. 28 and Slate No.34 or
Khaki Green No. 3 in angular disruptive stripes. Period G.Os specify
Light Stone No.61 or Portland Stone No.64 at various times and a local
variation may have substituted a mixed light blue-grey for Silver Grey
No. 28. A scheme for use in the Sudan specified Light Stone No.61 with
Light Purple Brown No.49 in patches or stripes. A variation of Caunter
was applied for use in Greece during 1941. This has the areas normally
painted Silver Grey 28 to be either Light Purple Brown or Slate 34 and
the remainder Light Stone No.61. The actual pattern deviated in detail
from an exact replication of the drawings so perusal of photographs is
recommended here.

October 1941 - A Signal 4/105 indicates a painting policy change and

calls for one basic colour only, Light Stone No.61 to be used before issue
to units with Area Commands allowed to apply a single disruptive colour
if desired.

December 1941 - G.O.1272 now calls for a basic colour of Light Stone
No.61 or Portland Stone No.64, according to supplies with one disruptive
colour over at the discretion of Commands i.e. Palestine , Malta , Trans-
Jordan etc. This cancels GO 297 of 1940 and GO 795 of 1941. At first
this may have been Slate in patterns similar to Caunter but later possibly
Slate No. 34, Silver Grey No. 28 and Black have been noted in apparently
random patterns.

Malta adopted a distinctive design generally known as ‘rubble’, a series of

light coloured blocks with a darker colour as ‘cement’ lines. This scheme
varied immensely, from the neat appearance of stonework through crazy
paving to straight lines like a chessboard. The colours varied from Khaki
Green No. 3 lines with Light Stone No.61 or Portland Stone No.64
‘stones’ over it to darker lines painted over the original sand colour
depending on country of origin.

1942. Over Light Stone 61 the single colour disruptive was still in force
although many units did not employ it whilst others used a variety of
schemes, designs and colours, some with black and/or white outlining.
October 1942. Another policy change issued this month. G.O.1650
cancels all previous patterns and colours and introduces standardised
drawings for certain type and classes of AFV and vehicles as decreed by
the Camouflage Directorate of GHQ ME (G(cam)). Colours to be used
are :- Basic shade – Desert Pink Z.I. with a disruptive pattern in Dark
(Olive) Green PFI. Black ( S.C.C. 14), Very Dark Brown ( S.C.C. 1A) or
Dark Slate BS. 34 are alternatives. These designs are common on
Shermans , Grants, Valentines, Crusaders, Stuarts and the Churchills of
Kingforce (which were most probably Light Stone No.61 over Khaki Green
No. 3 or S.C.C. 2 in the Crusader design). As Desert Pink was a new
colour, Light Stone No.61 continued in use on vehicles with or without
disruptive paintwork. Desert pink occurs on its own as a single shade on
vehicles of no tactical value and ACVs. Some ACVs disguised as 10 ton
trucks by application of specifically shaped black areas to resemble
shadows and structure joins.

Where dyed tilts were supplied from the UK and Commonwealth they
were chemically bleached to a pale brown colour.
Although M.T.P.46 had provision for ME colours actual use of this type
of scheme has not been confirmed.

April 1943 - G.O 1650 is cancelled by a new G.O with standardised

drawings for certain type and classes of AFV and vehicles are decreed by
the Camouflage Directorate including new colours for Tunisia , Sicily and
Italy . Basic shade is ‘Light Mud’ with Black in standardised bold
disruptive patterns for camouflage. Green seems to have been used
too. There are indications that Light Mud was used as early as March
1943 in Tunisia . All ‘desert’ colours to be overpainted. Lend Lease
vehicles used ‘Light Mud’ over US Olive Drab as an alternative. By late
1943 European colours are common. In May 1944 S.C.C. 15 Olive drab is
introduced to replace all earlier schemes.

FAR EAST.
Until 1943 vehicles appear to conform to ME or UK standards. Late 1942
or early in 1943, S.C.C. 13 (green) is introduced for use in India and
Burma as basic colour. There is a D.S.W & V. liaison letter of June or
July 1944 in Italy , section III camouflage, regarding the
discontinuation of disruptive painting. In this the subject of India and
Australia using Scamic Camouflage Colour No.207 Very Dark Drab arises
as used overall without disruptive paint. Due to coincidence of
nomenclature this is evidence suggesting the use of S.C.C. 16 Very Dark
Drab from the middle of 1944. It goes on to say that this colour is too
dark for clothing and personal equipment for the war against Japan .
This conclusion probably led to the introduction of S.C.C. 19 for these
purposes.

MAFVA BRITISH COLOURS FOR RESOURCES LINK.

COLOUR MIXES

January 2008
Mike Starmer and Mike Cooper.
(Mike Starmer and Mike Cooper, 2008)

The mixes here are the best at the time of writing. They represent
matches for the standards rather than necessarily model colours.
Colours not seen/ referred to are omitted. These are all based on
primary research by Mike Starmer. Unless otherwise stated all paints are
Humbrol.

Please disregard all earlier dated versions.

BS381C 1930

Deep Bronze Green No. 24 Mix: Humbrol 2 + 33 + Revell 84 in ration

6:1:4. or Revell 65 + black in ratio 10:1 approx., Do not exceed this
amount of black.
In use: 1934 –40. The basic colour pre-war on its own as a gloss
finish. Very occasionally in 1939-40 with G3.
Description: Very dark yellow-green almost black green.

Silver Grey No. 28

Mix: Humbrol 74 + 145 in ratio 5:2, or 74 + 34 + touch 27approx.
WEM ARB08 is very good match.
In Use: Caunter scheme in M.E. and as disruptive colour for a period.
Description: Neither silver nor grey but a medium yellow-green, fades to
blue-grey in extreme.

R.A.F. Blue-Grey No. 33

Mix: 77 + 67 in ratio 4:1 or 112 only but satin varnish overall.
In use: R.A.F. use only on ground vehicles 1935 till 1941 as semi-gloss
finish. Then Post-war.
Description: A dark blue-grey, NOT Humbrol 96 which is uniform colour!

Slate No.34 a.k.a. dark slate.

Mix: 32 + 81 + 117 in ratio 4:2:1 or 111 + touch 102 as fair alternative.
Fades back to grey about 111.
In use: 1940 – 42 Middle East as dark shade in Caunter scheme and
then a disruptive colour over Light Stone No.61.
Description: A darkish dull grey-green.

Terracotta No. 44
Mix: 100 + 70 in ratio 6:5.
In use: Mentioned in unofficial sources as possible use in Egypt 1936-39
in disruptive schemes.
Description: A distinct red-orange colour.

Red Oxide No. 46.

Mix: 133 + 20 + 9 in ratio 18:2:1. There is nothing simpler.
In use: Egypt by 6 RTC in 1935 until 1939 and 11th Hussars from 1937.
Some other units may have used it.
Description: A strong dark red.

Light Purple Brown No.49.

Mix: 60 + 33 + 25 in ratio 8:3:1 OR Revell 331 + 10 + 25 in ratio 6:2:1
There is nothing simpler.
WEM ARB10 A very good match.
In use: Specified for use as disruptive colour as patches or bands over
Light Stone No.61 in The Sudan. Possible use 1940-42 The Sudan and
Greece .
Description: Strong red-brown with purple tinge.

Pale Cream No. 52

Mix: 74 + 34 + 103 in ratio 4:3:2.
In use: Egypt 1935 to 1939 by 6 RTC, 11th Hussars and some other
units. Interior of office bodied vehicles like ACVs and caravans.
Description: ‘Pale cream’ describes this nicely – a light rich cream
colour.
Light Stone No.61 a.k.a. “desert yellow”.
Mix: 74 + 26 in ratio 8:1 OR Revell 16 + 1 ratio 2:1 approx. colour.
In use: 1939 – 43 as basic shade in Middle East .
Description: Medium toned yellow sand colour.

Middle Stone No.62.

Mix: 154 + 83 in ratio 5:3. Now accurately available as Humbrol 225.
In use: Adopted as basic colour in a two toned disruptive scheme
specified in G.O 370 of July 1939.
Description: A powerful yellow sand colour, became R.A.F. Middle Stone.

Dark Stone No. 63.

Mix: Humbrol 225 + 62 in ratio 4:1.
In use: Mentioned once in a 13 corps document as short term basic
shade for 1943 in Tunisia .
Description: Dark yellow brown, same family as above.

Portland Stone No.64.

Mix: 34 + 74 + touch 33 or 67 in ratio 4:3:¼. A simple but effective
mix is 196 + 74 + 34 in ratio 7:2:2.
In use: 1940 – 41 as basic shade in M.E.
Description: A pale sand grey/ very pale cream with a greenish tinge.

NON-BS COLOURS 1940-42.

Khaki Green No. 3/ G3/ “Service Colour”

Mix: Revell 361+ 360 + 84 in ratios 12:5:7. Not easy but the only way
yet. This is matched to two 1939 original equipment samples and a
replicated 1941 sample.
In use: 1938 – 42. The new basic colour until replaced in 1942 by
S.C.C. 2. Used with G4 and less often with G5 or occasionally on its
own. This is specified as alternative dark tone in Middle East ‘Caunter’
scheme. Used in this scheme the colour assumes a definite ‘chocolate
brown’ hue.
Description: This is a dark rich brown looking yellow–green. Higher
contrast with G5 and much less so with Dark Green G4.
For dyed canvas tilts use Revell 360 + 361 + 84 in ratio 3:3:1 or just
slightly less brown.

Light Green G5. A light green on a 1939 vintage vehicle has been
examined which is probably this colour. An actual undamaged sample has
yet to be examined.
Mix: Provisionally Revell 361 only is nearest.
In use: 1939 – 41 usually as the light shade in M.T.P.20 schemes with
G3.
Description: A light-medium grass green.

Dark green G4. An actual sample has yet to be examined.

Mix: Provisionally Revell 361 + black in ratio 8:1. This provides a suitable
tonal appearance and hue sympathy.
In use: 1939 – 41 usually as the darker shade in M.T.P.20 schemes with
G3.
Description: A dark yellow-green.

Nobel’s Dark Tarmac No. 4.

Mix: Provisional match Revell 78 only.
In use: A.C.I. 1559 August 1941 authorises this use as disruptive over G3
on wood and metal bodywork only in M.T.P. 20 scheme. S.C.C. 7 and
S.C.C. 1A to be used on canvas areas. A short term scheme.
Description: A very dark blue-grey.

Dark Sand.
Mix: Provisional match, Humbrol 110 only.
In use: In Egypt as disruptive over Middle Stone No.62 following G.O
370 of July 1939. Trials colour in ME 1936-39
Description: This was an experimental pre-war colour. Current
matching to primary source in the TNA suggest it was a dull slightly red-
brown.

Un-dyed canvas UK vehicles.

Mix: Humbrol 84 + 90 in ration 4:1 gives a good basis.
In use: UK and with BEF France 1937-41.

Bleached canvas Middle East .

Mix: 29 + 34 in ratio 1:1 to 3 depending on requirement.
In use: In Middle East , where vehicles were shipped with Khaki Green
dyed canvas, tilts were chemically bleached to a very light brown.

Interiors, AFVs:
Till mid-1940 Aluminium (silver).
Humbrol 11 or Revell 90 each with a touch of light grey to kill the
brightness a little.
From mid-1940 there was a gradual replacement with gloss white.
Humbrol 130 or Revell 301 with a touch of light grey or use Humbrol 195
or Revell 371.

Interiors, Other vehicles:

Generally all other vehicles had components, cab and body interiors in
the external basic colour. This also included the interior surfaces of AFV
hatches and engine flaps that would be exposed when opened. The
exception is when certain components were required to be in a specific
other colour. The interiors of closed office body vehicles were usually,
wholly or in part, gloss Pale Cream. Ambulance body interiors were gloss
white but often the interior of rear door surfaces were in the basic
camouflage colour.

Gas detector paint.

This paint was to be applied to an area on the front of vehicles and AFVs
in order that the driver/ crew might see it immediately a gas attack
occurred. It changed colour in the presence of Mustard Gas. This
should be an area of approximately 18 x 18 inches, not regular in shape
so as to blend in with any camouflage pattern applied. This was usually
applied ahead of the driver on the bonnet top or on a tray specially
fitted to forward control cabs. Against regulations, some senior staff
cars sometimes had this in the form of a neat circle or square. Specified
on motorcycles to be as a patch on top of the headlamp. On AFVs applied
to the glacis plate or the rear surface of headlamps on the cruiser tanks.
Humbrol 81 will do on model although the sample I examined was slightly
brighter.
 MAFVA BRITISH COLOURS FOR RESOURCES LINK.

COLOUR MIXES

February 2008
Mike Starmer and Mike Cooper.
(Mike Starmer and Mike Cooper, 2008)

BS.987C: Camouflage Colours 1942, amended 1944 & 1945.

Coloured paints produced in enamel for wood and metal and bituminous
emulsion for canvas. Only S.C.C. 15 Olive Drab and S.C.C. 16 Very Dark
Drab of this set were named, all others are colloquial terms from
contemporary sources.

S.C.C. 1A (very dark brown)

Mix: Revell 84 + Humbrol 33 + 113 in ratio 8:2:1. A reasonable match
can be made with 170 + 33 in ratio 6:1. WEM ARB015 is a very good
match.
In use: 1941 –45 as disruptive in M.T.P. 20 and M.T.P. 46/4A schemes
and as alternative dark shade in 1942 ME patterns.
Description: The colour of plain chocolate – a warm black or deep rich
brown. Medium contrast with S.C.C. 2, an alternative colour was
S.C.C. 14 Black.

S.C.C. 2 (brown, khaki brown or service drab)

Mix: Revell 84 + Revell 86 in ratio 16:5. Acceptable results can be had
with Humbrol 98 + 29 in ratio 5:4.
WEM ARB05 is slightly light but can be used on a model as is.
Dyed tilts in S.C.C. 2 can be represented by Humbrol 29 mixed with
slight touches of white, black or grey to detail variations in dye.
In use: 1941 – 1945 as basic colour with S.C.C. 1A or S.C.C. 14.
Description: Rich dark brown with a hint of ‘khaki’.

S.C.C. 4 (cup of tea)

Mix: 29 + 74 in ratio 16:1. Straight 29 may be a fair match.
In use: Possibly and only occasionally 1942 – 44 as basic shade with
S.C.C. 2 disruptive in unofficial M.T.P.46 scheme.
Description: Dull medium earth colour – what we would call “dark
earth” but NOT the R.A.F. colour which is lighter and more yellow.

S.C.C. 7 (warm green and Dark Green in Australian orders)

Mix: 195 +154+174 in ratio 7:2:1. A reasonable match is equal parts of
150 and 116.
In use: 1941-45 on canvas tilts, tents and penthouses in European
schemes. Specified as the disruptive colour in Australian orders with
Light Stone No.61 or Portland Stone No.64 for Trans-Jordan and
Palestine .

S.C.C. 13 (‘Jungle Green’)

Mix: 159 + 155 + 33 in ratio 4:3:1.
In use: A basic colour only. Replaced ME and UK colours in India ,
Burma and Far East 1943-45.
Description: Very drab/ muddy dark green. Darker than U.S. Olive Drab.

S.C.C. 14 (blue-black or charcoal)

Mix: 33+67 in ratio 4:1 or straight Revell 9 Anthracite grey.
WEM ARB16 a very close match.
In use: 1941-45 in M.T.P. 46 scheme and with S.C.C. 15 in
N.W.Europe. Disruptive colour in Middle East schemes.
Description: A very noticeably blue-black.

S.C.C. 15 Olive Drab.

Mix: 150 + 159 + 33 in ratio 5:5:2. A reasonable match is 159 + 33 in
ratio 8:1. Dyed tilts can be represented by Humbrol 150.
In use: Introduced April 1944 in A.C.I. 533 as new basic colour with or
without S.C.C.1A or 14 disruptive paintwork as M.T.P.46 for operations
in N.W.Europe and Italy .
Description: Fresh olive drab, a very dark drab inclined towards green.
Unlike the US colour which it resembles when new, this fades green.
Noticeable contrast with black and less so with S.C.C. 1A. Definitely NOT
blue-green or like any Humbrol colours.

S.C.C. 16 Very Dark Drab.

Mix 155 + 66 + 33 in ratio 10:2:1. A slight lighter colour than the
standard, OK on a model.
In use; Possibly introduced as early as mid-1944 for use in India-
Burma, colour S.C.C. 207 of same name mentioned in Far East
documents.
Description; A dull dirty brown green, darker than S.C.C. 13.

U.S. Colours.

No.319/ No.9 Olive Drab.

Mix: 159 + 33 in ration 11:2 or Humbrol 155 + Revell 42 in 1 : 1 for true
colour, adding more Humbrol 155 gives a good faded average. When
fresh it is close to British S.C.C. 15 Olive Drab.
In use: 1860 – 1970. But 1941– 45 on Lend lease equipment on its own
or in Italy with Light Mud and rarely black.
Description: Varies with manufacturer and fading. FS595A 34087 in
some version is too brown and light, despite being widely cited as a
match. Nearest is FS595B 33070 a dark drab with a green hint when
new , fading brown or grey in use.

Non BS Theatre colours.

Desert Pink Z.I.

Mix: 34 + 118 in ratio 4:1. A provisional mix. Use as is for model.
In use: 1942-43 Egypt, Western Desert and Tunisia; Introduced by
G.O1650 of October 1942 as new basic colour with disruptive colours on
certain classes of vehicle or on its own.
Description: Earthy pink or warm sandy pink locally produced.
Dark (Olive) Green PFI.
Mix: 116 + 150 in ratio 2:1 or could be slightly greener. A provisional
mix.
In use: 1942-43 Egypt , Western Desert and Tunisia ; Introduced by
G.O1650 of October 1942 as new disruptive colour on certain classes of
vehicle. Alternatives are Black, very dark brown or Slate No.34.
Description: A dark olive green colour locally produced.

Light Mud
Mix: 187 + 31 +34 in ratio 6:1:1. A provisional colour according to
colour photographs and verbal descriptions. WEM ARB17 is very close,
use as is on a model.
In use: Tunisia , Sicily and Italy 1943 –45 as basic colour in disruptive
patterns. Seldom if ever on its own.
Sometimes used as disruptive over Khaki Green No. 3 or S.C.C. 2 when
units moved to Sicily from Tunisia and over U.S Olive Drab on some Lend
Lease vehicles.
Description: Dirty sandy grey. Described by veterans as “light grey” and
“ dirty grey-beige”.

REFERENCES

Much is still being written up by Mike Starmer but the basic framework
is given here and in: Hodges, P and Taylor M. ‘British Military Markings’
(revised edition) Cannon Publications 1994. Note that the information is
not contained in the earlier edition. Mike Starmer, who has added a
wealth of primary research, has matched colours against original British
Standards where possible or advice and confirmation sort from
authoritative sources. Paul Lucas has researched ‘Dark Sand’ from
Primary Sources and Ian Scrivener has provided much information and
advice into colour history. See also http://www.milifax2003tripod.com
by Steve Guthrie for coloured illustrations and some colour notes.