Micro Perspective in Tourism and Hospitality

TOURISM OVERVIEW
Module 1

THC-Micro
Prepared by: BSHM 1
Palawan State University
Khristina Dacuan Lafuente Taytay Campus
 Content
Lesson Overview  Define Tourism
 In this module, we will tackle about Tourism and Hospitality definition and “Tourism can be defined as the processes, activities,
important keywords, travel motivators, why tourist travel, classifications off and outcomes arising from the relationships and the
tourist in Push/Pull Model and travel constraints. Also there will be pre-test interactions among tourists, tourism suppliers, host
and post test to evaluate what you know and what you have learned. governments, host communities, and surrounding
environments that are involved in the attracting and
Intended Learning Outcomes hosting of visitors.” (Ritchie & Goeldner, 2012)

 Define Tourism and Hospitality “According to UNWTO, tourism is defined as a social,

 Differentiate the type of tourist. cultural and economic phenomenon which entails the
 Describe the characteristics of psychocentric and allocentrics and identify it in the push/ pull movement of people to countries or places outside their
model;
usual environment for not more than one consecutive
 Describe the push/pull model.
 Explain the relationship of Maslow's hierarchy of needs and the travel motivations listed in year for personal or business/professional purposes.” (UNWTO, 2011.)
travel literature and relate the relationship of needs, wants and motives to tourist motivation.
 Discuss the factors that motivate people to travel
 Identify the characteristics of travelers based on purpose of travel
 Analyze the barriers of travel.

Pre- Test
Determine whether the statement is true or false. Write T for true and write F for false on the
space provided.
__________1. Travelling outside the country is called International tourism.
__________2. Shopping is considered as tourism activity
__________3. Being in a foreign land for work is considered tourism
__________5. Travelling by railway is a mode of transportation in tourism
__________6. For a tourist to experience hospitality, he/she should be hospitalized.
__________7. A tourist does not need to be safe and secured.
__________8. People travel because they wanted to be happy but people can’t travel without  Tourism industry
enough time and money. Tourism industry can be defined as a service
__________9. Tourism does not always involve travel. industry. It includes transportation, accommodation
__________10. Visiting your friend from other parts of the world means tourism.
and services.
T,T,T,T,T,F,F,T,F,
T  Define Hospitality
Hospitality
A term implies whereby a guest who is away from home is welcomed by a host where
basic necessities are provided such as food, beverages and lodging. The term is
derived from the Latin word ‘hospitaire’, which means ‘to receive a guest’.
Hospitality Industry
An industry comprises business entity of food, beverages, lodging or a combination of
these businesses to traveller during their stay in a destination.
 Type of Tourist
 Differentiate the type of tourist.
 Maslows Hierarchy
“ Traveler, any person on a trip between two or more countries or between two or  Explain the relationship of Maslow's hierarchy of needs and the travel motivations listed in
more localities within his/her country of usual residence.’’(Ritchie & Goeldner, Pp:6, travel literature and relate the relationship of needs, wants and motives to tourist motivation.
2012) 
A “visitor” is defined as those persons who travel to a country other than that in
which they have their usual residence but outside their usual environment
for a period not exceeding twelve months and whose main purpose of visit is other
than the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited”. (Ritchie &
Goeldner, Pp:6, 2012)
 Psychocentric and Allocentric (Characteristic of Tourist)
 Describe the characteristics of Psychocentric and Allocentrics and identify it in the push/ pull
model;

Maslows Hierarchy of needs

 PUSH AND PULL FACTOR
Discuss the factors that motivate people to travel

 PURPOSE OF TRAVEL
 BARRIERS TO TRAVEL

Assessment
 Course Outcome Activity
Read the following questions and answer it in another sheet of clean paper.
1. What is Tourism based on the definition of Ritchie & Goeldner,2012 and UNWTO, 2011?
2. What is the difference of the following:
A. National tourism and International Tourism
B. Inbound tourism and Outbound tourism
C. Traveler and Visitor
3. How will you identify a “Happy Tourist”?
4. What could be the components of the tourism processes, activities and outcomes?
5. How does the tourism and government organization often track the interest of the tourist? What could be the possible dimensions to be track for?
6. What could be, in specific, a “Tourism Product” and its component?
7. What could be the reason why a tourist travels?
8. Why does Maslows Hierarchy of needs is linked to tourist travel motivation?
9. How can a physical motivator, cultural motivator, inter personal motivator and status and ego factors can attract a tourist?
10. What could be the examples to include in PUSH factor and PULL factor motivation of tourism
11. What are the reasons why there are barriers to travel?
-In BENEFIT SEGMENT
12. What could be the benefit segment of tourism to travel in terms of Cultural and International Tourism?
13. How about in Business travel?
14. In the Leisure or pleasure Travel, what could be the factors for motivation of tourist to travel form the following:
A. VFR F. Events
B. Education G. Health
C. Cultural H. Recreation and entertainmen
D. Baure I. And other motives
E. Religion

Activity: Decide whether you are a psychocentric or allocentric tourist. Choose a destination with an image that matches your personality type and
explain how this image pulls you to go to the destination.
Cut and paste the picture in another sheet of clean bond-paper with your answer.
Reference
 Cruz, Z.L. (2019). Micro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality (1st ed). Nicanor Reyes, Sr. St. REX book Store

 Goeldner, Charles R. and J.R. B. Ritchie (2003) Tourism: Principles, Process, Practices, Philosophies, 9 th edition. USA. Joh Wiley & Sons.

 Libosada C. M. Jr, Bosangit, C, A. (2007) Introduction to Tourism. What are the Sectors of Tourist? (Pg. 57-79)
 Cohen. E, 1984, The Sociology of Tourism: Approaches, Issues, and Findings.
 Annual Review of Sociology. Vol 10. pp. 373-392.
 Department of Education, 2005, Hospitality and Tourism 110.New Brunswick
 Goeldner, Charles. R, 2012, Tourism: Principles, Practics, Philosophies, John Wiley & Sons Inc.
UNWTO, 2011, Policy and Practice for Global Tourism, WTO, Madrid.
 Micro Perspective in Tourism and Hospitality

TOURISM SECTOR
Module 2

THC-Micro
Prepared by: BSHM 1
Palawan State University
Khristina Dacuan Lafuente Taytay Campus

Lesson Overview
 In this module, we will tackle about Tourism and Hospitality Also there will be
Pre-test and post test to evaluate what you know and what you have learned.

 Enumerate the different sectors of tourism;

 discuss the characteristics of each sector of tourism and;
 explain how these sectors cater to the needs and wants of the tourist market;
A pre-test to examine what you know about tourism and hospitality components and sectors

1. The Hospitality Includes?

A. Airports
B. Hotels
C. Amusement Parks
D. Lakes
2. Which of the following is NOT an attraction?
A. Ayala Museum
B. Cebu Pacific
C. Mayon Volcano
D. Rizal Park
3. Transportation is used to bring a visitor from their home to the place visited.
A. True
B. False
C. No answer
D. All of the above
AnswerKey 1B,2B,3A

Content
To better understand tourism, it is important to know what makes up tourism. The lodging Industry developed because of the need to provide accommodations for
travelers. Early roadside inns were mentioned in several instances in both the Old and
The components of tourism illustrate the different services and facilities to satisfy the New Testaments. The early reference to the inn is found in the Bible, when Joseph,
needs of tourist and support the tourism businesses in providing a quality tourism Christ’s foster father, was told, “there in no mom at the inn.”. Excavations in Pompeii
experience to visitors. reveal that the Romans had developed the concept of inns into a trade.

TYPES OF ACCOMMODATION
Hotel
Discover a City of
Fun and Adventure
when you visit
The Oriental
Legazpi in Legazpi,
Albay, Philippines.

Hotels are the most traditional and most common types of accommodation.
Hotels can be large or small. They can be independently owned businesses or they can
be part of a hotel chain. Hotels may be part of a holiday resort.
Hotels are ranked using a star rating system. Hotels are awarded a grade between 1-5
stars (1 being the lowest, 5 being the highest). This tells the tourist what level of
service to expect at the hotel.

Bed and breakfasts

 A home stay is intended to facilitate a deep cultural tourism experience. The intention
is that you live and immerse yourself with a family in their home. However, my
experience is that whilst many types of accommodation may advertise themselves as
a ‘home-stay’, they are in reality just a guest house, with limited interaction between
the hosts/owners and the guests.

Motels
A bed and breakfast is just as it sounds- a type of accommodation that offers a bed
and a breakfast!
Bed a breakfast accommodations in the UK are traditional a type of guest house or
home-stay. The owners typically live in the accommodation and separate their
personal living space away from the guest space. Breakfast served is traditionally an
English-style cooked breakfast.
Today, this traditional model of bed and breakfast accommodations does still exist,
however the experience described above is not a given. In fact, any type of
accommodation that offers breakfast as part of the deal can be described as a bed
and breakfast, and the breakfast offered can range from continental to exotic- there
doesn’t have to be a sausage or hash brown in sight!

Guest houses and home-stays

My favourite guest house:
Thailand is one of my
favourite countries in the A motel is basically a hotel room with a parking space.
world and I LOVED my stay Motels are popular in the USA.
at Ashi Guesthouse Motels usually offer simple room-only accommodation, but some may have simple
Chiangdao in Chiang Mai.
The owners were really cooking facilities.
friendly and there was such
a welcoming atmosphere.

A guest house is essentially a house that welcomes guests. There is a fine line
between a guest house and a bed and breakfast. While there is no hard and fast rule, Hostel
guest houses tend to be bigger than bed and breakfast accommodations. Guest
houses may or may not offer breakfast included in the price of the hotel room.
A hostel is a budget-oriented, shared-room ("dormitory") accommodation that
accepts individual travelers (typically backpackers) or groups for short-term stays, and
that provides common areas and communal facilities. To be considered a hostel, the
property must provide short-term, shared (dormitory-style) accommodation for
individual travelers, though many hostels also provide private rooms

Resort Hotels

Resort Hotels are intended for vacation travelers. These hotels range from budget to
luxury and can accommodate these travelers and even convention delegates. These
are usually located near beaches and offer more amenities, shops, and recreation
opportunities.

ATTRACTION
Adventure Tourism and Recreation
What is a Tourist attraction?
A physical or cultural feature of a particular place that traveler see as meeting their
specific needs.
Types of Attraction:
Natural-------------- Mountains, Beaches, Caves, Cliffs, Natural parks and the like.
MAnd Made-------- Heritage Sites, Museums, art galleries,Entertainment parks.
There are 5 sub-sectors in the attraction sector
 Gaming and lotteries
 Leisure
 Conservation
 Sport and recreation
 Events and conferences
FOOD AND BEVERAGES

TOURISM SERVICES
EVENTS AND CONFERENCES
Contributes dollars to communities. Not only do travelers spend money on the event
or conference itself, but ‘spin-off dollars’ are also spent on everything from
accommodation to souvenirs.

Examples:
Special Events, Conference, Meetings, Trade Shows and Conventions
Support service for the tourism sector
Research, marketing, consulting, education,
media coverage Read the following questions and answer it in another sheet of clean paper.
Information centers, gift shops, travel insurance, 1. From the given examples of Tourism Sector, which one for you is the most
duty-free shop important sector of Tourism industry?Why? Explain Briefly.
2. Differentiate the differences of types of accommodation in a phrase format.
TRANSPORTATION 3. Cite an example of sub sectors of Attractions based in our country.
Vital relationship between transport 4. Name at least 2 events and conferences held in the Philippines.
and tourism development 5. How does Tourism Services works in the Tourism Industry?
• For tourism development adequate 6. What does Transportation do in the tourism industry?
and efficient transportation is needed
• Access to generating market Course Outcome Activity
• “the means to reach the
destination and also the means of Tell me a story! make a short story of your imaginative Travel in any parts of the
movement in the destination” world or better in the Philippine destination. Your story must includes the following, a
(Burkart &Medlik) specific area and name of attraction or if it event, what transportation will you use to
• For geographical distribution world get there, what activities will you do and what tourism services and trade will you
travelers and domestic travelers encounter. You can add a picture for it to be interesting.
• Get from home to tourist Rubric: 10 points for content, 10 points for relation of the content to the story and
destination instruction, and 10 points for reality of the story. Total of 30 points.
• Links tourist generation area with
tourist destination2Rtist@Tourism, Pondicherry University
TRAVEL TRADE

Assessment