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 PRACTICE TEST №1
Task 1. Read the text below. For assignments (1-5) choose the correct
answer (A, B, C, D).
A MESSAGE TO THE STARS
TEST 1
Our planet Earth is one of nine planets revolving around the Sun, a fairly
small and ordinary star, which lies in the outer areas ofthe Milky Way galaxy.
There are about 250 billion stars in our galaxy and billions ofgalaxies ni the
universe. People have always rendered about thepossibility of intelligent life
forms on other planets. In recent years this has become serious scientific
speculation. Some scientists believe that there must be large numbers of stars
with planets which could support living intelligent beings. Perhaps we will
never know. The nearest star si 4,3 light years away. A light year is the
distance covered by light travelling at about 186,000 miles a second ni one
year. It would take the fastest Earth spacecraft about 40,000 years toreach the
nearest star.
For a number of years radio telescopes have been trying ot pick up signals
from outer space, so far without success. There are, however, millions of
possible radio frequencies, and there is no reason why a completely alien
civilization should not use adifferent type of communication, such as X-rays or
even atype ofwave we havenot yet discovered. Suppose contacts were made
with beings 30 light years away. By the time we had sent our reply
and receivedtheir response, the Earth would be 600 years older. It would
be an interesting, but rather slow-moving conversation!
1 The nearest star is ....
A 4,3 light years away
B 1,5 light years away
C 2 light years away
D 10 light years away

2 There are about ... inourgalaxy.'

A 100 billion stars
B 200 billion stars
C 250 billion stars
D 10 billion stars
3 A light year is the distance covered by light travelling at about . . . ni one
year.
A 186.000 miles a second
B 100,000 miles a second
C 20,000 miles a second
D 10,000 miles a second
 4 Suppose contacts were made with beings .
A 100 light years away
B 200 light years away
C 10 light years away
D 300 light years away

5 It would take the fastest spacecraft about . . to reach the nearest star.
A 40,000 years
B 10,000 years
C 200,000 years
D 15,000 years

Task 2
Read the texts below. Match choices (A-H) to (6-10). There are three
choices you do not need to use.
AMERICANS: MYTHS, STEREOTYPES AND PARADOXES
6______________
When we think of Americans, we usually associate them with colourful
clothes, noisy behaviour and overweight. But what are they really like? What
values do they have? It si not possible ot answer this question explicitly but it
seems that some American characteristics are a legacy of hte Puritan ideology.

7_____________
The Puritans thought ofthemselves asa special people able to build a city
upon a hill'. They considered their success and increasing prosperity a sign of
God's grace and did not respect those who failed. They promoted hard work,
self-reliance and believed in man's unlimited ability to make progress. Even
today their ideas are still popular. The special significance ofsucceeding in life
has come to characterize the American culture ever since.

8_____________
American children are taught that drive, initiative and activity are the
essence of life. It is believed that passivity warps the mind and that is why it is
not accepted. Generally, Americans are characterized by a very practical sense
and optimism. They never give up and even fi they have problems, they are
always trying to find some solution. Their recipe is simple: Youhave no
money? Nojob? Don't wait! Dosomething! Be flexible! There is always a way
out! Take a course in gardening, cooking, ceramics, embroidering, typing...
Promote yourself? You must find some way to achieve success! If you don't,
you are a muff and a crock.
 9______________
Americansseetheir country as a vast continent of unlimited possibilities,
the Promised Land whereeveryone has a chance ot become perfect and
successful. Success means money, hence Americans seem to be preoccupied
with the thought of how to make money. Many of them still believe in the
myth 'from rags to riches'. However, not everyone becomes a millionaire in the
richest country in the world. The vast majority of Americans have their own
house, a good car and a well-paid job. The less fortunate ones rent a sleazy
apartment and live on unemployment benefits. It is also commonly accepted
that in that country of welfare there are some people living ni cardboard boxes,
sleeping on the pavement and carrying their belongings in plastic bags.

10______________
Another American obsession, apart from money, is being fit and healthy.
Ilinesses make life complicated, hence Americans put a lot of effort into
prevention. They regularly see specialists, take tons of vitamins, minerals and
pills, practise sports (especially jogging), and keep a healthy, low-fat diet.
Paradoxically, there are more overweight people in the States than anywhere
else. It is not surprising since they are constantly temped by calorific 'junk
food' snacks, fry-ups, hot-dogs, hamburgers, pizza, chocolate bars, chips,
cookies and so on.

A The Americans are people with a very practical sense and ABCDEFGH
optimism. 6
B Puritan ideology is the ideology with strict moral principles.
C American children are taught that the care of their parents is the essence
of the life.
D American characteristics are a legacy of the Puritan ideology.
E Being fit and healthy is another American obsession, apart from money.
F The Americans are usually associated with rich people and big
mansions.
G Puritan ideology is the ideology without any moral principles.
H American belief in the myth 'from rags to riches'.

Task 3
Read the text below. Match choices (A-H) to (11-16). There are two
choices vou do not need to use.
NEW YORK MUSEUMS AND ART CENTRES
11______________
The Guggenheim Museum is at Fifth Avenue and 89th Street. It
specializes in modern painting, sculpture and graphic arts. The building itself
is a place of modern art designed by the famous architect Frank Lloyd Wright.
12 ______________
The Lincoln Centre for the Performing Arts is the official name of what is
more commonly called Lincoln Centre. It is at Broadway and 64th Street and
includes the home of the New York Philharmonic Society, the New York State
Theatre, a library and a school.
13______________
The Metropolitan Museum of Art is at 82nd Street and Fifth Avenue. It is
one of the most important art
museums in the world and the largest in the Western Hemisphere. It
includes hundreds of world' famous masterpieces: paintings, sculptures,
tapestries, musical instruments, decorative arts and costumes. Its collection
includes more than two million works of art across the globe: from the first
cities of the ancient world to works being created today.
14______________
The Radio City Music Hall Entertainment Centre is in the Rockefeller
Centre. It is located from 47th to 52nd
Street, west of Fifth Avenue. It is a masterpiece of art deco, special
performances and spectacular revues.
15______________
Carnegie Hall is situated at 57th and Seventh Avenue. It is a music centre
founded in 1891 by the capitalist
and philanthropist Andrew Carnegie. It is the place where the world's
greatest orchestras and soloists play.
16______________
The Museum of Modern Art is situated at 11th W 53rd Street. It exhibits
modern paintings, sculptures, drawings, prints, and architecture, photography,
film, industrial and graphic design dating from the 1880s to the present day.

Which of the art centres and museums is associated

with____________?
A the works of art across the whole globe
B a masterpiece of art deco and spectacular revues
C modernpainting, sculpture and graphic arts
D business and entertainment
E classical and popular music concerts
F playhouses, hotels and shops
G performing arts
H extraordinary exhibitions and collection of modern and contemporary
art.
 Task4
Read the text below. Choose from (A-H) the one which best fits each
space (17-22). There are two choices you do not need to use.
TWO GENTLEMEN OF VERONA
We were driving in a car from Switzerland toward the beautiful old Italian
city of Verona. Just outside the city we met two boys, who were selling
strawberries.
My friend spoke to the boys and found out that they were brothers.
Nicolo, was 13, Jacopo, the smaller one, was almost 12. We bought their
strawberries and continued (17)_______________
The next morning we saw the two boys again near our hotel in Verona.
They were shining the shoes of the men (18) _______________. They were
very busy, but they said 'hello' to us in a friendly way.
'I thought you sold strawberries,' I said. "We do many things, sir,' Nicolo
answered seriously.
In the week (19) _______________ we saw Nicolo and Jacopo several
times. These two brothers worked all day under the hot sun, shining shoes,
selling fruit and newspapers. They always looked very busy.
One morning while Nicolo was shining my shoes I said: 'You and Jacopo
work very hard. Tell me, how do you spend your money?'
'We have plans, sir', the boys said. As we were soon leaving Verona we
wanted to do (20)_____________ for the Boys who were friendly to us.
'Well,' I said, 'can we do anything for you before we go?'
'Every Sunday we go to a village not far from Verona,' Nicolo began. 'We
usually go by bus; but tomorrow, sir, may be you will take us in your car.'
On Sunday I took the boys to the village. I stopped my car where the boys
asked. It was a lovely big house. The boys promised not to be long and entered
the building. I waited a few minutes andthen I followed the boys.
'Excuse me,' I said to a nurse who came to the door, I' just brought two
small boys here.' 'Ah, yes,' she said with a smile. 'Nicolo and Jacopo came ot
visit their sister. They are alone in the world, except for their sister. Their
mother and father died before the war. When the fascists came to Verona the
boys began to carry (21) _______________ to the mountains. When the war
ended they found their sister sick with tuberculosis.
They brought her to our hospital. And every week the boys come to pay
for their sister.'
I thanked the nurse and waited outside. Soon the boys came back to the
car. They sat (22)___________, looking serious and proud, these
twogentlemen ofVerona.

A which followed
 B died after the war
C who passed by
D something pleasant F beside me
E secret messages in their shoes
F beside me
G not far from Switzerland
H our way to Verona

Task 5
Read and complete the text below. For each of the empty space (23-
32) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
MR. SELLYER IS SELLING BOOKS
One day I (23)__________ to a bookshop to look through new books. Mr.
Sellyer showed me to the back of the shop where I could find some interesting
books. While I was looking (24)___________ the books, I could watch Mr.
Sellyer at work and see some of his methods.
A fashionably dressed woman was standing at the corner and Mr. Sellyer
was showing a book to her.
'You are quite sure it's the (25) ?' the lady was saying to Mr. Sellyer. 'Oh,
yes, Mrs. Rassel', answered the manager. 'This is Mr. Slush's latest book.
It'shaving a wonderful sale.'
1looked at the title, the name of the book was Golden Dreams.
Another lady (26) ___________the bookshop. She was in deep mourning
and looked (27)___________ a widow.
She asked the manager to show her some new books, something new in
fiction. 'Yes, Madam, here's a charming thing Golden Dreams. The critics say
thatit's one of the (28)____________
'Is it a good book?' asked the lady.
things, written by this author"
A charming one', said the manager. 'It's a love story - very simple and
sweet and wonderfully charming. My wife was reading it aloud only last night.
She was crying all the time while she was reading it.'
The lady bought Golden Dreams and (29)______________ the shop.
'Have you (30)_____________ good light reading for vacation time?'
asked the next lady. 'Yes', said Mr. Sellyer. 'Golden Dreams is the most
humorous book of the (31)_____________ She was laughing all the time
while she was reading it.'
The lady paid (32)____________ the book and went out.
So every customer who entered the shop went away with Golden Dreams.
To one lady the manager sold Golden Dreams as the reading for a holiday, to
another as the book to read after the holiday, another bought it to read on a
rainy day and the fourth as the right book for a fine day.
When I was leaving the bookshop, I went up to the manager and asked
him, 'Do you like the book yourself?'
'Dear me!' said the manager. 'I've no idea of the book. I've no time to read
every book. I'm selling.' "And did your wife really like the book?' I' am not
married, Sir', answered the manager smiling.

23 A came B walked C went D left

24 A after B through C for D over
25 A latest B later C late D lately
26 A went B arrived C came D entered
27 A as B like C such D so
28 A sweetest B sweet C sweeter D sweeten
29 A went B left C moved D departed
30 A every B some C any D no
31 A time B period C interval D season
32 A for B to C out D off
 PRACTICE TEST №2
Task 1. Read the text below. For questions (1-5) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Animal defender
Which species pulls at your heartstrings- a panda or a toad? A lion or a dung beetle?
When it comes to emotional attachment, research funding, global popularity and conservation
support, the fluffier your fur and the bigger your eyes, the better your chances- unless zoologist
Lucy Cooke has a vote. She's on a one-woman mission to show the world why some of the
most unlovable animals are actually the most interesting and deserving of our attention, study
and protection.
Cooke's popular blogs, online videos, films and TV programmes bring her characteristic
sense of humour and unusual storytelling style to a serious message: If we only care for the
best known and best loved species, other enormously important parts of the web of life could
vanish forever. With her unconventional attitude, she's taking advantage of the power of the
internet to reach a new audience that more traditional wildlife programmes have yet to tap.
'My goal is to persuade the unconvinced,' says Cooke. 'A lot of conservation messages
are difficult to hear; they make people feel guilty. I think humour is the sugar coating that
helps people swallow the pill. If you manage to make someone laugh while you tell them
something important, they'll stick around and listen to more.'
Cooke worries about what she calls 'the tyranny of the cute'. 'There are so many television
shows about koala bears and kittens,' she observes. 'All the attention seems focused on a
handful of charismatic "celebrity" animals. Even scientists get less funding for animals that
aren't sweet and cuddly. In fact, large mammal species appear in 500 times as many articles in
scientific journals as threatened amphibians.' She adds: 'Weird, freaky creatures fascinate me
because they tell an amazing evolutionary story. I'm interested in all of nature, not just the
shiny, fluffy bits.'
Amphibians- animals like frogs that live both on land and in water- top Cooke's list.
'Over a third of amphibians are going extinct; it's the worst extinction crisis since the dinosaurs
were wiped off the planet. Yet I couldn't convince anyone to commission a film about it. That
motivated me to start my Amphibian Avenger blog.' The widely read blog showcases creatures
that rarely attract the spotlight. 'Frogs are such a fascinating miracle of evolution that I could
study them forever.'
Amphibians also occupy a crucial spot in the middle of the food chain. 'If you remove
them, everything else goes haywire,' she notes. 'When amphibians go extinct, birds and snakes
that eat them also disappear. Since amphibians breathe through their delicate skin, they are very
vulnerable to pollution, climate change, and disease. That makes them fantastic barometers of
the health of ecosystems. If amphibians aren't doing well, chances are their overall environment
is sick.'
The wobbly-nosed proboscis monkey, dung beetles, bats and more get their moment in
the sun thanks to Cooke. 'it's about telling their stories in a way that engages a wider audience.
I want people to share my sense of wonder, amazement and love for these creatures. Once you
understand why they're ugly or odd, I hope you'll appreciate and want to save them as much as
I do.'
 1. What are we told about Cooke in the second paragraph?
A She hopes to make more conventional nature documentaries in the
future. B She is communicating her ideas to people who have not heard them
before. C Her approach is more suited to the internet than to other media.
D Her manner shows a lack of concern about the problems she mentions.

2. According to Cooke, what is many people's attitude to nature conservation?

A They are embarrassed at their lack of knowledge of the subject.
B They are reluctant to think about the
subject. C They find it hard to take the subject
seriously. D They are tired of hearing so much
about it.

3. What is Cooke's main point in the fourth paragraph?

A lt is a mistake to limit the types of species that are studied
carefully. B Too much research is being done into animals that are
endangered. C Scientists are wasting public money on unnecessary
animal studies. D Television programmes rarely concentrate on larger
species.

4. Cooke says she started her Amphibian Avenger blog because

A she wanted to raise funds to make a film.
B she felt inspired to start a search for a new species.

C she realised she would have to inform people herself.

D she knew she would always have something interesting to write about.

5. What does 'goes haywire' in the sixth paragraph

mean? A tends to do better
B carries on as it always
has C finds ways of coping
D stops working as it should
 Task 2. You are going to read an article about teenage television stars. Choose the most
suitable heading from the list A-H for each part (6-11) of the article. There is one extra heading
which you do not need to use. There is an example (o).

A Bad acting! E Teen talk is not

В The future looks bright C for parents F Ideal
Fantasy lifestyles teenagers
D The way they see us G Closer to reality
H Teenage stereotypes on TV

Is that me on TV!
They have cash to spend, time to spare and talk in a very weird way. TV's got a funny
view of teenagers.
0-H
It's the 21st century - a new era. It’s time for the younger generation to take over the
world and show adults what we're made of. However, there isn’t much variety in TV's
portrayal of teenagers. In fact, I’d go as far as to say that images of teenagers are mostly
stereotypical.
And when programmes try and show less stereotypical teenagers, they don't always get it
right.
6
Television teenagers often don't seem ‘real’. Older actors in their mid-20s frequently play
the roles of teenagers, creating the false image that we are all spot-free, glamorous young
adults. It doesn’t help anyone’s self-image to compare themselves to make-believe stars.
However, the shows' producers think that superstar actors help make 'perfect teenagers' and
help make their programmes big hits. They aren’t particularly interested in how real the
teenagers actually are.
7
In many programmes such as Hollyoaks, Popular, Buffy the Vampire Slayer and the
comical My Family, teenagers can get a little out of hand. They lead easy and sometimes wild
lifestyles where everyone has a new car and plenty of money to spend. In reality, we don't
always have enough change in our pockets to go and sit in a cafe or go shopping everyday. But
because it's television, the idealistic lives of these teenagers appear far more interesting than
ours. And because it is only television, they can get away with exaggerated and unrealistic
stories that usually turn out all right in the end.
8
I feel that Michael (Gabriel Thompson) in My Family is as close as any programme has got
to portraying a teenager realistically. Although Michael has been brought up in a middle-
class family, his lifestyle does mimic that of the average teenager. He is witty, intelligent and
shows us how he handles his embarrassing parents and older siblings. It just goes to show
 that very occasionally, 16-year-olds have a better vocabulary than just 'whatever' and
any random swear word.
9
Talking of slang, let's face it, adults can't write 'street' language into a script without
having a slang dictionary to hand. Even I have trouble keeping up with the quick changes, and
I attend a relatively 'ghetto' school. So terms such as 'blood' (friend), 'standard' (good), 'shoddy'
(good) and ‘beef (trouble) are impossible for adults to understand as the vocabulary of
the urban generation changes constantly. From a 16-year-old's perspective, adults simply
cannot do street lingo. Screen parents do make very good attempts at being cool with their
children. It can be hilariously funny, as you tend to laugh at the children for having such
embarrassing parents.
10
The way teenagers are portrayed by adults on television can give us an insight into how
our elders perceive us. On rare occasions, they can get it horribly wrong and make out that most
teens are hooligans who steal and fight just to pass the time. We aren't all like that Surprisingly,
some of us are actually intelligent individuals, who are fully aware of the world and its fears.
As hard as it may be to believe, young adults aren't defenceless and incompetent And we are
certainly not naive.
11
So, television companies who assume all young people are loud, unaware and full of hate
for the world, take note. We don't all hate our parents and the whole world. Amazingly, we
have the ability to come up with original concepts and turn those ideas into reality. I personally
believe that my generation does have the ability to run the world properly after all, and show it
what we're made of.

Task 3. You are going to read the opinions of four young people about pocket money.
For questions 12-16, choose from the people (А-E).

Which person or people:

12. saves some money in case something bad happens?
13. have been given money for helping around the house?
14. knows that some parents are not well off?
15. will not ask for expensive items?
16. likes the feeling of having his/her own money?
 Money matters
A Malcolm Sawyers, 13, allowance: €5 per week. I usually save € 1.50 and spend the
rest. I haven’t counted it for a while, so I'm not sure how much is there at the moment. If I do a
really big chore at home, I might get a bit extra. Generally, the two things I like to buy with my
pocket money are tracksuits and trainers. Recently, I needed some new trainers and my dad
offered to pay up to €40 for them. But I wanted more expensive ones, so I did a deal with my
mum where she agreed to buy me the ones I wanted and I said I’d go without pocket money for
three weeks.

В Grace Pickering, 11, no allowance. If I was to get it, I would like about €1 a week.
My mum doesn’t think I'm old enough to go shopping on my own, so I don't really need a lot
of money each week. I save up money from Christmas and birthdays and have got quite a lot
at the moment - about €60. If there’s something I want and it's too expensive, I don't bother
asking my mum and dad if I can have it; but if it's something small, I will ask them if I can
have it. They're likely to say, ‘If you practise the piano (or something like that), we'll get it for
you.'

C Jimmy O'Donnell, 14, allowance: €10. My mum gives me €10 a week and says that I
can either spend it in the canteen at school or she will make me a packed lunch, and then I can
save the €10 to spend on whatever I want. I'm trying to save the €10 and not spend it in the
canteen. I have €170 saved up from birthday and Christmas money.
I try not to talk about pocket money at school because I know there are some people
whose mums can't afford to give them much. The whole pocket money issue is very
competitive at school.

D Ellen Segalov, 12, allowance: €8 a month I try to put some of it to one side for
emergencies, and spend the rest. It doesn’t bother me spending less than my allowance, but it
really hurts, when I want to buy something expensive. One thing I've found works very well is
a 50/50 deal with my mum and dad - I pay half, if they'll pay half. I went to the cinema with
my friends last week to see Ocean's 17 on that basis. They are very good to do deals with - I
end up getting an extra euro here and there.

E. Mike Milburn, allowance: €10. Now that I've started secondary school, I'm going out
more with my friends. It's nice to go out with some money in my pocket and know that it's
mine. There are some things that I do with my friends that don't cost money, like going to
drama and running clubs at school, but there's only so much you can do without money. I keep
saying to Mum and Dad that I'll wash the car to get some extra money. But it hasn't actually
happened yet.
 Task 4. Read the text below. Choose from (A-H) the one which best fits each space (17 -
22). There are two choices you do not need to use.

Hooked-up babes.
Now that there is a mobile phone for every adult in the UK, it’s the children’s turn to join
the mobile revolution. In Tokyo, for example, one-quarter of all four to fifteen-year-olds has a
mobile phone. Half the children surveyed recently said their lifestyle ‘required’ them to have a
mobile phone, while 41.5% said their parents ‘forced’ them to have one.
Another interesting poll was conducted on the Tokyo streets by Japan Today magazine,
however, suggests (17) It is not the content of the communication but the act of
staying in touch that matters. Emi Inoue, 17, agrees, adding: ‘It’s great for talking to friends
about gossip I don’t want my parents to hear.’
Parents were also surveyed and more than a third felt their children spent too much time
on the phone, (18) .Tokyo parents may have good reason to be worried, since 26%
of the children said they were regularly corresponding with people they had never met.
Such growth in the mobile phone market, especially among the young, has lead to a new
type of neurosis, say sociologists. Japanese teenagers, in particular, have become fanatical
about being ‘always available’. ‘If I can't find my phone I feel really isolated from my friends,’
says 16-year-old Asuka Maezawa. Indeed, many become extremely uneasy (19) ,
fearing they are becoming socially isolated,’ writes the sociologist Hisao Ishii.
If this trend continues, he adds, such thing is likely to happen. Mobile phone
addiction, (20) forming and maintaining relationships without the help of mobiles.
An extreme view, perhaps, (21) of the mobile revolution’s negative impact on
children. Moreover, academic performance may also be affected: 68% of children who
responded to one survey and owned a mobile phone said their grades were poor, compared
with 49% of those without mobiles, (22) .

A that the nations’ teenagers have other reasons for keeping hold of their best electronic
friend’
В if unable to contact their peers countless times each
day C who said they were doing well
D but the success of wireless web phones in Japan shows more evidence

E while 23% said the mobile made it difficult for them to keep track of who their
children were communicating with
F as services improve, mobile phones could soon replace laptops among
teenagers. G where a person is incapable of
H where mobiles have been common among the young for some time
 Use of English
Task 5. Read the texts below. For questions (23-32) choose the correct answer (A, B,
C or D).

Why we don't like the sound of our own voice

'That doesn't sound like me ...' This is what many of us mutter when we hear our
recorded voices. Well, yes, it does - and it's what everyone else hears, too.
When someone speaks to us, or we hear a recording of our voice, the sound is air-
conducted. Sounds (23) on the air are transmitted through our eardrums, making the small
bones in our inner ears tremble. In turn, these vibrations are (24) by our brains.
When we speak, the sound doesn't all enter our ears from the outside, and what we hear is
(25) different. The vibrations are sent directly to our inner ear, and as they
travel, their frequency is lowered.
The reason our recorded voice doesn't (26) us is that we've grown up hearing
ourselves in a real way, so it's difficult to accept that isn't how we sound to the outside world.
We've (27) got used to what we sound like inside.

2 A В travelled C fetched D reached

3 carried
2 A В interpreted C explained D settled
4 decided
2 A likely В hardly C slightly D little
5
2 A please В cheer C invite D tempt
6
2 A well В simply C quite D mostly
7
 Trojan Horse
The Trojan Horse is a story from the Trojan War about the subterfuge that the
Greeks (28) to enter the independent city of Troy and win the war.
In the canonical version, after a fruitless (29) siege, the Greeks constructed a
huge wooden horse, and hid a select force of men inside including Od• ysseus. The Greeks
pretended to sail away, and the Trojans (30) the horse into their city as a victory
trophy. (31) night the Greek force crept out of the horse and opened the gates for
the rest of the Greek army, which had sailed back under cover of night. The Greeks entered and
destroyed the city of Troy, (31) the war.
Metaphorically, a "Trojan Horse" has come to mean any trick or stratagem that causes a
target to invite a foe into a securely protected bastion or place.

2 A used B have used C had used D were used

8
2 A 10 year’ B l0 yeared C10-years D 10-year
9
3 A have B had pulled C pulled D were pulled
0 pulled
3 A This B That C Those D One of those
1
3 A ending B ended C being ended D having ended
2
 PRACTICE TEST №3
Task 1
Read the text below. For assignments (1-5) choose the correct answer (A, B, C, D).
A MYSTERIOUS WOMAN
I was on holiday in Scotland, and I was staying at Fernie Castle Hotel, which used to be
just Fernie Castl when it was built about 600 years ago. I was staying ni a smal room up ni hte
West Tower, and I went to bed after a good meal. I was just falling asleep when I heard
someone knocking at the door. So I got up, put the light on and went to the door, but there was
no one there. So I went back to bed and decided it must have been a dream or my imagination. I
was just falling asleep again when I heard someone knocking again - a very light tapping, not a
loud knock. I got up, put the light on, went to the door and there was nobody there. I wasn't
scared but it's a bit worrying when you're staying by yourself in a very old castle. I locked the
door and went back to bed but I left the light on, and nothing else happened; I slept until
morning.
The next night I went to bed and there was no knocking at the door, but ni the middle of
the night I woke up for some reason and saw a woman standing in the room. She was wearing a
green dress with a high neck and she was looking at me, but when I switched on the light she
disappeared, she wasn't there. And by this time I was really very worried and I stayed awake for
the rest of the night.
When I went down to breakfast I said to the owner ofthe hotel that I had seen a woman in
my room the night before. He asked, W' as she wearing ahigh-necked green dress?' and I said,
'Yes, she was.'
The man said, 'Many people saw this woman but I never did. She was a bride of a man
who was running away with her to get married. Her father did not want her to marry this man.
They escaped to Fernie Castle and hid in a tiny room at the top of the West Tower. Her father's
men eventually tracked them down and there was a terrible struggle, and somehow while she
was trying to escape she fell out of the window to her death on the stone courtyard below. And
now her ghost haunts the West Tower and occasionally appears in people's bedroom with a sad
expression, never saying anything. And that's probably what you saw. Either that or you had too
much champagne the nightbefore.
1. I was staying in a...up in the West Tower, and Iwent to bed after agood meal.
A small kitchen B large room
C small room D one-bedroom flat
2. I was just falling asleep when I heard someone . . . .
A knocking at the door B singing
C playing the violin D crying
3. I got up, put the light on, went to the door and there was . . . there.
A a waiter B nobodv
C a young girl D a ghost
 4. When I went down to breakfast I said to the owner of the hotel that I had seen. In my
room the night before.
A a minkey B a child
C a woman D a cat
5. And by this time I was really very ... and I stayed awake for the rest of the night.
A worried B scared C happy D sad
Task 2
Read the texts below. Match choices (A-H) to (6-10). There are three choices you do
not need to use.
A NEW GENERATION OF ANTIBIOTIC DRUGS
6___________
Insects entombed in fossilized amber for tens of millions of years have provided the key
to creating a new generation ofantibiotic drugs that could wage war on modern diseases.
Scientists have isolated the antibiotics from microbes found either inside the intestines o f the
amber-encased insects or in soil particles trapped with them when they were caught by sticky
tree resin up to 130 million years ago. Spores of the microbes have survived an unprecedented
period of suspended animation, enabling scientists to revive them ni the laboratory.
7___________
Research over the past two years has uncovered at least four antibiotics from the microbes
and one has been able to kill modern drug-resistant bacteria that can cause potentially deadly
diseases in humans. Present-day antibiotics have nearly al been isolated from micro-organisms
that use them as a form of defense against their
8___________
Raul Cano, who has pioneered the research at the California Polytechnic State University,
said the ancient antibiotics had been successful in fighting drug-resistant strains of
staphylococcus bacteria, a 'superbug' that had threatened the health of patients in hospitals
across the globe. He now intends to establish whether the antibiotics might have harmful
sideeffects. "The problem is how toxic they are to other cells and how easy they are to purify',
said Cano.
9___________
A biotechnology company, Ambergene, has been set up to develop the antibiotics into
drugs. If any ancient microbes are revived that resemble present-day diseases, they will be
destroyed ni case they escape and cause new epidemics. Drug companies will be anxious to
study the chemical structures of the prehistoric antibiotics to see how they differ from modern
drugs. They hope that one ancient molecule could be used as a basis to synthesize a range o f
drugs.
10___________
Cano's findings have been hailed as a break-through by scientists. Edward Golenburg, an
expert on extracting DNA from fossilized life-forms at Wayne State University in Detroit, said:
'They appear to be verifiable, ancient spores. They do seem ot be real.' Richard Lenski,
professor of microbial ecology at Michigan State University, said the fight against antibiotic-
resistant strains of bacteria such as tuberculosis and staphylococcus could be helped by the
discovery. However, even the use of ancient antibiotics may not halt the rise of drug-resistant
bacteria. Stuart Levy, a micro-biologist at Tufts University in Boston, warned that the bacteria
would eventually evolve to fight back against the new drugs. 'There might also be an enzyme
already out that can degrade it. So the only way to keep the life of that antibiotic going is to use
it sensibly and not excessively,' he said.
A A reference to the length of time we have been using antibiotic drugs
B The original source of the new drugs being developed
C The location of the studies into the new antibiotic drugs
D Theantibiotics have harmful side effects.
E Ancient microbes would be used to synthesize a new generation of modern drugs.
F Examples of other studies similar to Cano's.
G Two examples of bacteria that are no longer killed by modern antibiotic drugs.
H The researchers could not verify ancient spores.

Task 3
Read the text below. Match choices (A-H) to (11-16). There are two choices you do
not need to use.
CAREER OPPORTUNITIES IN TOURISM
11___________
Brenda Gordon is a receptionist in a five-star hotel. She says that what appeals to her most
ni her work is the diversity of the challenges she faces every day. She first came to the hotel
when she was on a year's work experience from university and now she works part-time, which
allows her to continue her education with her degree course ni management. She advisers
everyone not to pay much attention to low wages at the start of the career. Having the right
degree or diploma is no guarantee of promotion, but the right attitude and excellent
communication skills will get you a long way in profession.
12___________
Maria Smith is a tour guide who accompanies groups of holidaymakers on package tours.
She knows she plays a central role in ensuring that people enjoy their holiday by providing
them with practical support and information throughout the trip. She allows people to do what
they want, while at the same time everybody should return to the minibus by the agreed time.
13___________
Alfred Gattoni is a chef in an Italian restaurant that attracts the tourists whose holiday is
never complete without the opportunity to try out the latest dishes. He went straight into
employment after school, but that's not something he would recommend. If he had taken a full-
time college course as his parents wanted, he would have made faster progress in his profession.
14___________
 Patrick O'Connor is an adventure travel guide. He leads trips to exotic places around the
world, and he is quick to remind us that you need experience in a range of adventurous
disciplines. People on holidays are doing potentially dangerous activities, such as kayaking or
diving. It's crucial to be able to exercise good judgement in difficult situations and be
resourceful when dealing with the emergencies that are bound to arise.
15___________
Jennie Sullivan is a history student ni the local college in Detroit. She prefers to find
summer work to summer vacation. She knows that tourist industry offers a range of jobs and
career opportunities for the students ni summer. She knows the history of places where she
leads tours really well. Once she was embarrassed when a holidaymaker spotted some incorrect
details in a commentary she was giving. Since then she had managed to attendregular local
history classes to make sure it didn't happen again.
16
Connie Chen is a travel agent. She considers that the job outlook isn't good right now
because of the Internet. It has become much easier for people to make their own travel
arrangements, though many people still need the adviceof a travel professional.
Which person___________?
A regrets the decision made years ago?
B gained promotion after impressing a senior colleague?
C mentions the need to take the right decisions under pressure?
D warns about the decreasing opportunities for jobs in one area?
E stresses the need to provide the clients with a balance between freedom and control?
F looks forward to developing a new career?
G says people shouldn't feel discouraged if they do not earn much at first?
H has been able to combine studying with work?
Task4
Read the text below. Choose from (A-H) the one which best fits each space (17-22).
There are two choices you do not need to use.
WANTED: AGOLDFISH
A professor of physiology, whose name was Floyd, was out visiting one winter night, and
the people at the house showed him a goldfish that had died because the water that it was in
(17)___________ . The professor looked at the fish and said, 'Let me take it home and I think
that tomorrow I can treat it in the laboratory and (18) ____________.
So when he started for home they wrapped the goldfish in a bit of paper and professor
Floyd put it in his overcoat pocket. It was a cold night, very late and with lots of deep snow
along the street. On the way home Floyd put his hand into his coat pocket and accidentally
flipped out the goldfish and it (19) ____________.
Floyd knelt down to pick ti up, but he couldn't find ti and stayed there on his knees
looking for it. Just then a policeman came along. He stopped and said, 'What are you doing
there?'
'Professors (20) ____________. Floyd just looked over his shoulder and said, 'I am trying
to find a goldfish.'
The policeman then understood that he was dealing with a madman, and he said, 'Now
you just come along with me and I'll take you to a place where we've a whole lot of goldfish -
all you want.' "Al right,' Floyd said, 'only just help me (21) ____________.
To please him the policeman knelt down and began looking in the snow and out came a
goldfish! He was very much surprised.
'Great heavens!' he said. 'Are there any more?' 'Maybe a whole lot,' Floyd said. As the
professor started off for home again, the policeman was (22) ____________ looking for
goldfish.

A treat it in the laboratory

B had got frozen
C fell into the snow
D on the way home
E still on his knees
F hate to be questioned G revive it
H to get this one first
Task 5
Read and complete the text below. For each of the empty space (23-32) choose the
correct answer (A, B, C or D).
JAZZ
Jazz has many homes. Kansas City, Chicago, New York, San Francisco - each (23)
____________ its own (24) ____________ style of this musical form. But jazz has only one
birthplace and that, indisputably, is New Orleans.
Some musical scholars (25) ____________ its origins back to slave gatherings in the
city's Congo Square, where rhythmic dances were a (26) ____________ attraction before the
Civil War. Others find its (27) ____________ in Storyville, the former red-light district, where
black musicians performed before a mainly white clientele. There were the 'spasm' (28)
____________ on the city streets, (29____________) a musical phrase from the blues, another
from the church, another from some old French or Spanish tune that was (30) ____________ to
anyone from New Orleans.
Sometime around 1900 this new music started rolling out of the city's black
neighbourhoods. Legendary figures such as Bunk Johnson and Jelly Roll Morton and King
Oliver were playing it, in the nightclubs and on the riverboats. Then in 1917 two local groups -
The New Orleans Rhythm Kings and the Original Dixieland Jass Band- signed recording (31)
____________ and the music suddenly (32) ____________ to the rest of the world.
Calling for a high degree of improvisational skill within a structured framework, jazz
demanded discipline and creativity, genius in a mould. It changed from Dixie to swing to bop
and swept the world as America's most distinct sound. But it almost died in the city that
invented it.
By the late 1950s, traditional jazz musicians could not get work here and the music they
had played nin their youth was seldom heard.
23 A gives B claims C demands D insists
24 A characteristic B u n i q u e C distinctive D unordinary
25 A record B date C depict D trace
26 A local B regional C small town D national
27 A nucleus B roots C source D starting point
28 A crews B orchestras ' C bands D companies
29 A borrowing B lending C adopting D stealing
30 A ordinary B routine C knowledgeable D familiar
31 A treaties B contracts C bargains D agreements
32 A spilled on B spilled into C spilled out D spilled over
 PRACTICE TEST №4
Task 1. Read the text below. For questions (1-5) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
School farms
More and more British schools are now running their own farms. There are now over 100,
with another 100 more in the pipeline. One example is Hutton College in the north of England,
which opened its farm in 2005. Here, students deal with all aspects of raising animals and
growing vegetables. The working day starts at 7.30 am, two hours before lessons begin. Jake,
15, who used to hate waking up early for school, is now happy to do so. ‘I love looking after the
animals even if I have to get up early.’ Jake also thinks the responsibility has made him a better
student: ‘I don’t misbehave any more, and I find it easier to concentrate in class now.’
There are 1,200 pupils attending Hutton College. Sam Connolly, a science teacher,
explains that although the school farm has helped improve the attitudes and behaviour of many
of the students, overall it has also significantly improved results in subjects such as art,
technology, maths and science. A number of school qualifications, including Agriculture
Science and the Certificate in Animal Care, are now based on work done at the farm.
Mr Connolly emphasises that this is a real farm. It gives the school the opportunity to
examine areas which are vital to today’s food industry, including better awareness of where
food comes from, animal welfare, the importance of a balanced diet and the need to reduce
waste. Students are involved in growing fruit and vegetables which are on sale in the college’s
farm shop. ‘If I can get children to realise how farming works in reality and what it all means,
from the farm to the dinner plate, I’ll be delighted,’ he says.
All those concerned agree that the main thing with food is knowing where it comes from,
so students are urged to pick and eat produce grown in the college gardens. Eating vegetables
picked fresh from the gardens is something new for students often more familiar with
supermarket ready-meals. Everyone comments on the way the lettuces stay fresh a lot longer
than pre-packaged supermarket versions.
Mr Connolly says he is often amazed at some students’ ignorance of farming. ‘Even
something as basic as growing a few peas and discovering how much effort you have to put
in to get results can have a powerful impact on people,’ he says. Professor Alex Andrews of
Hutton University agrees. His research shows farms can improve students’ self-confidence,
educate them in the importance of eating well throughout their lives, and teach them about
where their dinner originally comes from. As he says, ‘All schools should be able to use
farms to support their educational processes, even if this involves just looking after some
chickens or growing vegetables for the school kitchens.’
 1 Before he started work on the farm,
Jake A was always late for school.
B caused problems in his
lessons. C knew very little about
farming.
D disliked having any responsibility.

2 What does Sam Connolly think is the farm’s main

achievement? A It has made teachers’ lives easier in class.
B It has improved the students’ school attendance.
C It has boosted the school’s academic
performance. D It has helped increase the range of
subjects studied.

3 Mr Connolly’s ambition is for the farm to help

students A understand the whole process of food
production.
B get employment in the food industry.

C appreciate the importance of the environment.

D know more about the business side of agriculture.

4 Why are students encouraged to pick and eat

vegetables? A to provide a healthier diet than they get at
home
B to teach them important new practical
skills C to reinforce a key piece of knowledge
D to demonstrate the poor quality of supermarket food

5 Professor Andrews thinks school

farms A have changed children’s eating
habits. B can help schools save money.
C should be part of the curriculum.

D may have long-term health benefits.

 Task 2. Choose the most suitable summary sentence from the list A-H for each part (6-
11) of the article. There is one extra summary sentence which you do not need to use. There is
an example (o).

A Free time is another opportunity for E Health and fitness are the key.
learning.
F Time with relations is
В Doing something different is a form of
relaxation. well spent. G The star struck

C It’s the friendship that really counts. seek the screen

D Souls find meaning in the sounds. H There are two different aspects to this.

0–G
Jemma and Julie are twins, both 16 last month. They’re good students at school and
spend a lot of time studying, but they make sure they take time out for a little fun and
entertainment The best choice for a free afternoon or evening for these girls is going to the
cinema with friends. Tm crazy about action movies,' says Jemma. 'They’re just so exciting!'
Julie agrees and explains that going to the cinema is almost an addiction for them. ‘If I don’t
see at least one movie at the weekend, I really feel I’ve missed something great.'
6
Charlie is 15 years old and has his own ideas on how to spend his leisure time. Never
without his laptop during the week, Charlie abandons technology at the weekend in favour of
his other hobby - bowling! Charlie's favourite way to unwind is to bowl for a few hours at the
local bowling alley. ‘We've got a nice league going, and it’s great fun. Bowling lets you escape
from the pressures of school and just enjoy yourself for a while. It's great!'
7
Sean is 17 and his cousin Roger is 16. They both believe there’s only one proper leisure
activity - sport! In particular, football. Sean and Roger are both players and fans. They play
for the school team and attend as many of their local team's games as they can. When they
can afford the trip, they love to travel to other cities to support their team in away games.
Faces painted in team colours, Sean and Roger are sure to be the ones jumping up and
down in front of the camera when their team scores. 'There’s nothing more exciting than
sport,’ says Sean. Roger adds that being a player goes hand in hand with being a fan of a
professional team. ‘I can’t imagine being one and not the other.'
8
Jeffrey, 14, is also very passionate about his favourite pastime, music. 'Music means
everything to me,' he explains. 'It expresses all my moods and feelings. It makes me feel like
someone totally understands me.' When he’s not listening to music, he's out shopping for new
CDs or DVDs with his friends. 'We talk about music all the time, what’s new, what's hot, you
know. It's a very big part of our lives.'
 9
Valerie and Sue are both 17 and are not very specific about what they do in their free
time, probably because they don't actually have any hobbies! They go window shopping,
maybe sit for a drink or a quick bite to eat somewhere, and in general, just ‘hang out’. ‘It’s hard
to say exactly what we do when we hang out, but it's important that we get together whenever
we can. We're such good friends that we have loads of fun even if we’re just sitting in a fast
food restaurant talking!'
10
Fifteen-year-old Monica and her brother Freddy, 14, say that they don’t have much leisure
time at all. In fact, almost all of their time away from school is spent doing homework and
taking lessons. ‘It might sound sad, but in my free time I usually do something like practise the
piano. I don’t mind because I’m getting really good. One day I'll be glad I put in the time to
learn.' Freddy agrees and adds, ‘You don’t have to be fooling around or getting into trouble to
have fun. I’m taking karate lessons on Saturdays with two of my schoolmates and we have a
great time!'
11
Simon is fifteen and comes from a very large family. With six brothers and sisters and
twenty-four cousins, there are an awful lot of people around the house to spend time with. Td
say most of my leisure time is spent with my family, just doing different things together.
There are so many of us coming and going from each other's houses all the time, it's like
we're always having a party,' Simon says. 'Sure, my friends come round and we hang out
sometimes, but usually I'm doing something with someone from my family. We're all really
close to each other.'

Task 3. You are going to read an article about being a newspaper reporter. For questions
12- 16, choose from the people (A–D). You may need to use one letter twice.

Which person says:

12. they had a particular advantage when applying for one job?
13. time for research is often limited?
14. their present job is good training for their future career?
15. they find it difficult when they are not permitted to finish something?
16. it is important to take advantage of subject areas you know a lot about?

A Craig. As a reporter, you really have to be ready for anything. A story could come up
on a subject you know nothing about and you may have just half an hour to read a report or
past stories before you interview someone. I spend most of my time in the office,
unfortunately. My advice for potential journalists is that you need to be able to speak to anyone
in all walks
 of life. A story could come up where the subject is close to your heart but you have
to be unbiased and open to other people’s opinions, even if you do not agree with them.
Every subject is useful – you need to know a little bit about everything.
B Beth. I would say about 60% of my time is spent inside the office. It is always better to
visit someone in their house as it makes for a much better story, but due to time constraints
unfortunately this is not always possible. The experience I’m gaining at a local newspaper will
set me up for a job on a bigger newspaper. Local newspapers are a great source of news for
national newspapers. The general agreement at my newspaper is that the story can be passed
on as long as it has appeared in our paper or on our website first. To be a journalist you must
be outgoing and professional, and you also have to ensure accuracy in all stories. You will
often find yourself in a situation where you have to generate a conversation with a complete
stranger who may not want to speak to you!
C Andrew. My first job was with a regional paper. I think the editor was impressed by
the fact that I come from the area and know about local issues. I now work from home on a
freelance basis, writing features for the Sunday newspapers. You have to be very self-
motivated and able to generate ideas for new stories all the time. In a good week I’ll sell two or
three features to magazines. Some weeks I’ll sell nothing. Journalism isn’t a profession where
you progress upwards from one position to the next. I’ve made several moves already but it’s
not clear whether they were upwards, downwards or sideways! You need to be prepared to
work hard to get work experience, get a qualification and demonstrate your commitment. If
you’re a specialist in anything (sport, music, computer games), write about it.

D Deborah. I had no career plan at all when I graduated – I found work with a very
small family-owned paper where I found myself doing all sorts of jobs. While there I decided
to train as a journalist. I must be the only person in the universe to ‘fall into’ journalism! A
crucial part of my job is building contacts locally. I attend a lot of council meetings to try to
find out what is going on with the 15,000 employees and attend numerous other meetings.
Why do I do it? It’s certainly not for the money, which is very poor. I really enjoy seeing my
words change things. The frustrations include leaving a story I’m enjoying working on
because the editor wants something else.

Task 4. Read the text below. Choose from (A-H) the one which best fits each space (17 -
22). There are two choices you do not need to use.

Studying abroad
Have you always dreamed of traveling, meeting lots of different people, and maybe
picking up a language or two? No matter (17) , you can fly over the world’s highest
waterfalls in Venezuela, learn world trade in Japan, study in France, or take dancing lessons
in Ghana.
How? You could join a study program abroad, (18) with a host family in a
foreign country. Semester, summer, and year-long programs allow you to attend school, take
 intensive language courses, or perform community service in another country. Read
on to learn more about study abroad programs.
One of the reasons for studying abroad is (19) . Christina studied in Caracas,
Venezuela, a city of ten million people and a huge change from her hometown of 35,000!
Christina says she learned how to be better at standing up for herself and her beliefs, and to
express herself in another language.
Although many academic programs abroad have academic requirements, you do not
necessarily have to have the highest grades or marks to be eligible and (20) .
Study programs abroad look for students who are independent, self-assured, enjoy having
new experiences and meeting different types of people, and can handle challenges.
If you really hate change and don’t like the idea of figuring things out all on your own,
then studying abroad may not be for you. It’s important to be honest with yourself and really
think about what you expect. You could end up having a miserable time if you don’t! Of
course,
(21) , then studying abroad may be an ideal way to take the plunge.
Are you convinced that a year abroad is for you, but you’re worried that your parents
will never go for it? Use some of the points of view (22) to explain why you want to
study overseas. Explain that studying abroad is a chance of a lifetime and that it offers great
academic opportunities.

A what country you live in

B that you’ll become more self-assured
C where high-school and college students live
D if you want to change those things about yourself and don’t mind tackling them
head on E that sold you on the idea
F and most do not have language
requirements G what people might say
H dancing all nights at local clubs
 Use of English
Task 5. Read the texts below. For questions (23-32) choose the correct answer (A, B,
C or D).
Planning an adventure trip
Researching your destination properly will make all aspects of your adventure trip easier,
as well as helping you to (23) the most out of the experience. Research will help you
pick the best places to go but you’ll also learn what you need to pack, and also what cultural
(and sometimes political) issues you should be (24) of.
Climate and seasonal pricing are important (25) in your decision about when to go.
For adventure travel, bad weather or weather you’re not (26) for can ruin the trip. While
you can’t predict what the (27) weather will be, find out as much as you can about the
climate in advance.

2 A take B get C find D set

3
2 A aware B familiar C informed D knowledgeable
4
2 A points B reasons C factors D details
5
2 A anticipated B prepared C expected D planned
6
2 A accurate B correct C true D exact
7
 Translaty
Translaty is a simple yet life-changing Japanese invention that helps you to overcome any
obstacles (28) by foreign languages, whether you (29) in a business meeting with
an international client or chilling somewhere on a Spanish beach.
This small but ingenious device is able to instantly recognize and translate over 40
different languages, making intercultural communication completely effortless! With Translaty
you are able to communicate to almost anyone in the world in seconds!
Translaty (30) to make your life easier as simply as possible - (31) it's created
using the latest technologies, you are not required to have any special knowledge to use this
device.
Translaty has more than 40 languages pre-in• stalled so you're able to use it the minute
you get it! It provides fast and accurate two-way communication and allows you (32) some
other languages that you might be missing.
2 A are В causing C caused D being caused
8 caused
2 A are В will be C would be D were
9
3 A invented В was C had been D had invented
0 invented invented
3 A despite В in spite C in spite D although
1 of
3 A to В installing C to install D install
2 be
installed
 PRACTICE TEST №5

Task 1
Read the text below. For questions (1-5) choose the correct answer (A, B, C,
D).
THE BEATLES
For many fans of pop music, the Beatles is a legendary group. Using songs
written largely by .J Lennon and P. McCartney, the Beatles dominated rock music and
pop culture in the 1960s. In addition to experimenting with a wide range of musical
styles, they greatly influenced subsequent bands, made films and toured extensively.
Although they broke up many years ago, their influence is still enormous and their
albums enjoy great popularity.
The four boys from Liverpool made their name in the 1960s. Their music was
considered a real revolution. After their first single Love Me Do was released, it
became immediately clear that the styles of music and lyrics they produced were
startlingly different from, anything else on the pop scene of that time. Their records
were
consistently top of the pop music lists in the mid sixties. Their first hit was the
song Please, Please Me. It was followed by She Loves You and I Wanna Hold Your
Hand which sold over 1 million copies in a year.
In the beginning, the Beatles performed music which was influenced by American
rock'n'roll and rhythm- and-blues. In the process of time, however, Lennon and
McCartney's songs became more and more sophisticated and experimental. They
developed their own characteristic style, and their imaginative lyrics and memorable
melodies put them in a class of their own. One of the most successful and unique
albums at that time was Sergeant Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band released in 1967.
Their hit songs include She loves you (1963), Can't buy my love (1964),
Yesterday (1965).
The late sixties brought a slight change in the Beatles style. Their music,
influenced by Indian mysticism and
drugs, became softer and more reflective.
The Beatles broke up in 1971. The strongest individual of the group, John
Lennon, was murdered in New
York in 1980. Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr still record
music and have their own groups but they are not so popular as they used to be in the
1960's. Nevertheless they continued to have an impact on the dress, hair, style of life
and thought of young people even after they pursued separate careers.
1. Why do you think the Beatles is called the legendary group?
A Because their influence is still enormous.
B Because they broke up many years ago.
C Because they play simple music.
D Because they didn't like experimental music.
2. Why was their music considered a real revolution?
A Because they sold over 1 million copies in a year.
B Because they produced many songs of a revolutionary character.
 C Because they produced such styles of music and lyrics which were startlingly
different from anything else on the top scene of that time.
D Because their albums enjoy great popularity.
3. Why were their records consistently top of the pop music lists in the
middle sixties?
A Because their albums consisted of many hits.
B Because the group enjoyed great popularity.
C Because the group was successful in business.
D Because the group performed music was influenced by American rock'n'roll.
4. What was their own characteristic style in music?
A They developed their imaginative lyrics and memorable melodies. B They
developed rock'n'roll.
C They developed rhythm-and-blues.
D They developed disco.
5. How did they change their style in the late sixties?
A Their music became more sophisticated and energetic.
B Their music became softer and more reflective.
C Their music became different.
D Their music became unpleasant.
Task 2
Read the texts below. Match choices (A-H) to (6-10). There are three choices
you do not need to use.
POPULAR CAMPING SITES
6______________
Nestling at the foot of the highest mountain in Wales it is one of the most
picturesque campsites in the world.
You can pitch a tent or bring your caravan as this site caters for both. The charges
for staying here are very reasonable. There is a shop which sells just about everything
you might need and a good restaurant on site, but be warned - the prices are very high,
so make sure to take essential items with you. There is a good play area for children,
although it's not supervised. The site offers pony treks in the mountains on
Wednesdays, Fridays and Saturdays. For an extra charge, you have the opportunity to
go on a day excursion and see the spectacular scenery of North Wales. Al modern
amenities are available, the cost of which is included in the ground charge. It is open
from April to September and is very popular so you'll definitely need to make a
reservation if you want to stay there.
7______________
It is situated literally two minutes' walk from the golden beach of Paignton on
England's south coast. It's a traditional family campsite and an ideal place to take the
children, but it often attracts young people as well. Spend the whole day at the beach
(provided the British weather doesn't let you down), or at the amusement arcade which
si open until midnight. Pubs, clubs and discos take care of the evenings, so there's
always something to do. Camping facilities include a well-supervised play area for
young children, electricity and a modern shower block. This site is for tents only. It is
open al year round but you must make reservations for July and August.
 8______________
Set in the middle of the Lake District, it is the ideal place to relax and enjoy the
peace and quiet that the area
is famous for. The site has strict rules about noise levels. The scenery makes ti the
perfect place to go for long walks. The site is not, however, the place for people who
need lots of facilities. The amenities of this campsite are very basic, which probably
explains why this site is fairly inexpensive. Tents and caravans are both welcome. The
site is closed from October to Marc. Reservations aren't necessary.
9______________
This novel campsite is perfect for both children and their parents. The kids have a
great time while their parents stay at home and have a break. It is situated near the New
Forest, and the variety of activities for youngsters is hard to beat. Games, sports of all
kinds, walks in the forest and pony rides are just some of the activities laid on. The
children are all carefully supervised by experienced adults. Tents, bedding, and meals
are all provided and are included in the charge, which is quite high, but for a week or
two of peace at home it's worth it! It is only open from June to August. 10

10______________
This is a camping ground with a difference. It's a place for sick or injured animals.
The founders of it came up with the idea when they started to get so many animals that
they needed extra help and money to feed and house them all. It consists ofthe house
and farmyard and three large fields. The owners have built some amenities in the
largest field and opened it as a campsite. The other two fields are reserved for animals.
If you like animals and don't mind hard work, then this is the holiday for you. Days are
spent helping cats, dogs, horses, donkeys, cows, pigs - in fact, just about every animal
you can think of - recover from their illnesses or injuries. The money charged for the
holiday goes towards the sanctuary fund. The site is open all year round, but
reservations must be made. And by the way, no pets are allowed!
A The Windermere campsite is perfect to go for long walks.
B The Shimmering Sands Site is open all year round.
C Children like to swim in the river and play games in this campsite.
D The Snowdon Site offers pony excursions in the mountains.
E The Sanctuary Camp is a campsite in the large field.
F The campsite is usually associated with rich people and big mansions.
G The campsite is for people who want to recover from their illnesses or injuries.
H Kiddies Camping Ground is perfect to walk in the forest and sports of all kinds.

Task 3
Read the text below. Match choices (A-H) to (11-16). There are twochoices
you do not need to use.
WHY NOT TO TRY SOMETHINGYOU MIGHT ACTUALLY ENJOY?
Sylvia Armano was always interested in football, but it was only at the age of 18
when she learnt that women's football existed. 'In my first refereeing job, I knew that I
was very well aware of every detail of the game and that's why I couldn't go wrong. I
was sure I wouldn't make a wrong decision. I can say that I
 haven't had any bad experiences so far', she says.
Guy Gordon had his first ice-climbing lesson at an indoor climbing centre which
had an enormous artificial ice cave. He put on a heavy climbing boots and armed with
two metal ice axes. He buried the axes on the ice, kicked one boot at the wall, then the
other, and started climbing.
But he had forgotten his first important lesson: don't bury the axes too deep. As
his desire not to fall increased, so he hammered them deeper until they got stuck. His
arms were aching and he stopped, utterly disappointed with himself.
Gill Clarke got a unique achievement in her life: until her no English woman had
ever umpired at three Olympic Games. Sydney was actually her third Olympics. She
arrived in Sydney early to get over the stresses and strains of the flight, ready for the
pressures of the two weeks of the Olympic hockey competition, knowing too that it
would be her final tournament as she had decided to retire at what she
hoped was the top. Grace Gavin was accepted as a referee for the Women's Rugby
World Cup. She combined her
refereeing with a full-time job. Early in her refereeing career, somebody told her
that she would always be handicapped by the perception that she was not fast enough
to referee men's rugby. 'I have worked constantly to defeat this perception,' she said.
Ann Bridge took part in a freediving course organized by a leading subaqua
website. This is surely the best place in the world to learn this skill. Her training took
place in a 30-metre high and 6-metre wide cylindrical water tank. All her co-trainees
were scuba divers. After a few lectures about safety, and suitably kitted with flippers
and a diving mask, she was ready to get into the water. This sport is not only about
adrenaline but about being calm too.
Debbie Stanton always wanted to try snowboarding. So she went for a training
day at an indoor snow slope near her home- a 170-metre-long slope, all covered by
1500 tonnes of man-made snow which was surprisingly like the real thing. She knew
she shouldn't use the techniques she had learnt in years of surfing and skiing, and she
didn't. Her instructor had said they were not applicable to snowboarding at all. She
started riding slowly at first, and couldn't get the balance right. It took hours before she
could pick up speed and successfully perform a neat turn.

Which person_______________?
A was aware of making a mistake during training?
B intends to do something so that other women can reach her position?
C was appointed to do a job which she knew would be her last?
D was warned not to try to use skills acquired in other sports?
E remembers her feeling of confidence when she started refereeing?
F felt the need to prove to others that she was well suited to the job?
G was confident of having the physical strength to succeed?
H believes the training venue used is the best available?
 Task 4
Read the text below. Choose from (A-H) the one which best fits each space
(17-22). There are two choices you do not need to use.
Movies
Also known as movies, film, or cinema, the motion picture is one of the most
popular forms of art and
entertainment throughout the world. It is also a major (17) ________________.
Every week, millions of people go to the movies. Many millions more watch movies
that (18) ________________ played back on a videotape player.
But movies are much more than just entertainment. The motion picture is a major
art form, as are, for example, painting and drama. Artists express themselves by using
paint and dramatists by using words. Filmmakers express their ideas through
(19)________________. By using the camera in different ways, the filmmaker can"
express different points of view. A filmmaker may film scenes for a picture in a desert,
on a mountain, and in a large city.
We can enjoy many forms of art and entertainment by ourselves. We can enjoy
reading a story or looking at a painting alone. But films are intended to be viewed in
theatres. As a result, we usually enjoy a motion picture the most when we watch it as
part of a large audience. Although movies are increasingly watched at home on
television or videocassette, most films have their strongest (20) ________________ in
theatres.
In addition to their artistic and entertainment values, movies are also widely used
in education, especially as (21) ________________. Teachers use such films in classes
on Geography, History, Mathematics, and the Physical and Social sciences. Movies
use slow motion, animation, and other special techniques to demonstrate processes that
could not be seen or studied well. For example, a film can show the formation of
crystals at fast speed so a class can study this process..
Television stations use motion pictures to inform as well as to entertain their
viewers. TV stations often present documentaries. A documentary tries to present
information in a dramatic and entertaining way. Documentaries deal with a variety of
subjects, such as environmental pollution and the history of presidential elections.
Millions of people enjoy taking own motion pictures with small motion-picture
cameras or with video cameras, also known as camcorders. Home movies began to
develop as a hobby during the 1920's, following the invention of
(22)________________ that could be used in small cameras. The popularity of
movies has increased over the years with the improvement in cameras and projectors,
the introduction of colour and sound film, and the development of home video
recorders that play back on TV sets.
A a motion-picture camera
C are presented in theatres
E teaching aids
G are broadcast on television
B low-cost film
D impact on viewers
F source of information
 H a course of action

Task 5
Read and complete the text below. For each of the empty space (23-32)
choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Americans: Myths, Stereotypes and Paradoxes (Part I)
When we think of Americans, we usually associate them with colourful clothes,
noisy (23) _______________ and overweight. But what are they really like? What
values do they have? It is not possible to answer this question (24)_______________
but it seems that some American characteristics are a legacy of the Puritan ideology.
The Puritans thought of themselves as a special people able to build 'a city upon a
hill'. They considered their success and increasing (25) _______________ a sign of
God's grace and did not respect those who (26) _______________.They promoted hard
work, self-reliance and believed in man's (27) _______________ ability to make
progress. Even today their ideas are still popular. The special significance of
succeeding in life has come to characterize the American culture ever since.
American children are taught that (28) _______________ initiative and activity
are the essence of life. It is believed that passivity (29) _______________ the mind
and that is why ti is not accepted. Generally, Americans are characterized by a very
practical sense and optimism. They never (30) _______________ and even if they
have problems, they are always trying to find some (31) _______________ Their (32)
_______________ is simple: You have no money? No job? Don't wait! Do
something! Be flexible! There is always a way out! Take a course in gardening,
cooking, ceramics, embroidering, typing..
Promote yourself! You must find some way to achieve success! If you don't, you
are a muff and a crock. Another American obsession, apart from money, is being fit
and healthy. Illnesses make life complicated, hence Americans put a lot of effort into
prevention. They regularly see specialists, take tons of vitamins, minerals and pills,
practice sports (especially jogging), and keep a healthy, low-fat diet. Paradoxically,
there are more overweight people in the States than anywhere else. It is not surprising
since they are constantly temped by calorific 'junk food' snacks, fry-ups, hot-dogs,
hamburgers, pizza, chocolate bars, chips, cookies and so on.

23 A manners B behaviour C doings D habits

24 A explicitly B positively C specifically D categorically
25 A luxury B richness C prosperity D boom
26 A neglected B declined C disappointed D failed
27 A full B unlimited C great D absolute
28 A action B push C drive D compaign
29 A warps B corrupts C changes D misshapes
30 A leave B abandon C surrender D give up
31 A remedy B solution C result D explanation
32 A recipe B formula C method D process
 PRACTICE TEST №6
Task 1
Read the text below. For assignments ( 1 - 5 choose the correct answer (A, B,
C, D).
UNUSUAL SITUATION
A funny thing happened to me last Friday. I'd gone into Chicago to do some
shopping. I wanted to find a book for my psych course. I had gotten to the city early,
so by early afternoon I'd done everything that I wanted.
Anyway I'm not crazy about downtown Chicago - all the noise, the traffic, strange
people - and I'd made plans for that evening. I just wanted to get in my car and drive
home before the rushhour, but I felt really tired. I decided that I had time for a cup of
coffee and a short rest. I bought the 'Tribune' and went to a small cafeteria. I got a cup
of coffee and a package of doughnuts - I'm crazy about cakes. There were plenty of
empty tables, and I found one near the window. I sat down and started the crossword
puzzle in the paper.
A few minutes later a woman sat down across from me at my table. That surprised
me because there were several empty tables. There was nothing strange about her
except that she was very tall. I didn't say anything; I just
kept doing the crossword. Suddenly she reached across the table, opened my
package of cakes, took one out, dunked it in her coffee, and began to eat it. I couldn't
believe my eyes! I was too shocked to say anything. Anyway I didn't want to make a
scene, so I decided to ignore it. I just took a cake myself and went to my crossword.
When the woman took a second cake I didn't make a sound. I pretended to be very
interested in the puzzle. A few minutes later I casually put out my hand, took the last
cake, and glanced at the woman. She was staring at me furiously. I nervously started
eating the cake and decided to leave. I was ready to get up and go when the woman
suddenly pushed back her chair, stood up and hurried out of the cafeteria. I felt
relieved and decided to wait for two or three minutes before going myself. I finished
my coffee, folded my newspaper and stood up. And there, on the table, where my
paper had been, was my package of doughnuts.
1 I'd gone into Chicago to do some shopping and find a book for my
A daughter B psych course C studying D work
2 I felt really tired and was very hungry. So I went (to) . . . .
A a café B a restaurant C a small cafeteria D home
3 I got a cup of coffee and a package of
A doughnuts B marzipan C chips D cakes
4. Why was the gentleman surprised a few minutes later?
A Because a big dog appeared before him.
B Because a woman sat down across him at his table but there were several empty
tables.
C Because somebody had stolen his package with cakes.
D Because he didn't like to be disturbed while eating.
5 Why was the gentleman too shocked to say anything?
A The woman took away his newspaper.
B The woman wanted to speak to him without his desire.
 C The woman opened his package of cakes and began to eat them one by one.
D The woman ignored him completely.

Task 2
Read thetext below. Match choices (A-G) to (6-10). There are two choices you
do not need to use.
BLACK BEAUTY
6__________
I don't remember everything about the time I was very small. I remember a big
field of green grass. There were a few trees in it, and on hot days my mother stood
under a tree and I drank her milk. That was before I grew bigger and began to eat the
grass.
7__________
There were some other young horses in the field. As we grew bigger, we played
and ran round and round the field. We jumped about, or we went down on our backs
on the grass and kicked our legs happily in the air. We were glad to be alive. When I
stopped taking her milk, my mother went to work every day. She came back in the
evening, and I told her all about my day.
8__________
'I'm glad you are happy,' she said. 'Play as much as you can. But you must
remember that you are not like these other young horses. They are all going to be farm
horses; they're good horses, but not like us. Your father is well known in this part of
the country, and your grandfather - my father - was Lord Westland's best horse. When
you're a little older, you'll learn to take people on your back or to take them from place
to place in their carriages.' Iasked, 'Is that what your work is, Mother? Is that what you
do for Farmer Grey?'
'Yes, that's what I do. Farmer Grey sometimes rides me and sometimes drives me
as his carriage horse. Here he is now.
9__________
Farmer Grey came into the field. He was a good, kind man, and he liked my
mother very much. 'Well, my dear Duchess,' he said to her, 'here's something for you.'
He gave her something nice to eat. 'And how is your little son?' He patted me and gave
me some bread, which was very nice.
We couldn't answer him, but my mother showed him that she loved him.
He patted her and went away.
10__________
'He's verykind,' my mother said, 'and you must learn to please him. Always do
your work gladly, and never bite
or kick. Then he'll always be nice to you.
A A Big Farm-Horse in the Castle
B A Visit of a Kind Farmer Grey to the Farm
C Black Beauty's Childhood ni the Farm
D A Wise Mother's Advice to her Son
E The Conversation of Black Beauty with his Mother
F The Life of Young Horses in the Field
 G Black Beauty's Dreams in the Childhood

Task 3
Read the text below. Match choices (A-H) to (11-16). There are two choices
you do not need to use.
FROM THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CINEMA
11__________
The film was one of the best loved and most charming comedies of the 1940s and
was later turned into successful musical 'High Society'
12 __________
'A Month by the Lake' is based loosely on a romantic story by HE.. Bates. In the
film Vanessa Redgrave plays Miss Bentley, an independent and impetuous middle-
aged woman, who travels to a resort by Lake Como in Italy following the death of her
father in 1935. There she meets and falls in love with fellow holidaymaker Major
Wilshore, an eccentric but likeable man. After various unsuccessful dates, it seems
unlikely that the romance will ever really get going until a couple of other people begin
ot show more than a passing interest in the pair. If the film is unremarkable in its
content, it makes good use of its beautiful Italian decorations.
13__________
'Denise Calls Up' is a funny and thoroughly modern story about a group of young
Americans whose lives are
based totally on work. Their days consist of talking on mobile phones, answering
faxes and watching computer screens. Lunch dates are made and missed, parties are
organized but never attended, and the friends even fail to turn up at the funeral of one
of their pals (killed in a car accident while talking on her car phone). Then along
comes Denise, an outsider to the group. She has an urgent personal problem, but will
she be able to find enough time in her busy schedule to deal with it?
14__________
'Dead Man' is a cowboy film with a difference, breathtaking shot ni black and
white. In the film William Blake, an honourable account, has come to the west to take
up a job which fails to materialise. A stranger in town, he finds himself alone and
without money, and so begins a chain of encounters which lead this law-abiding citizen
into crime. The central theme of the film is that life is unpredictable and that
unexpected circumstances can completely change the course of a person's life.
15__________
Stealing Beauty' is a moving and often very amusing film, which owes its charm
to an intelligent script and a magnificent performance by Liv Tyler. In the film 19-
year-old Lucy, played by Tyler, moves from the USA, following the death of her
mother, to stay with family friends in a farmhouse in Italy. The house is owned by Ian
Grayson, an artist, who is to paint her portrait. Lucy, however, has a hidden agenda:
she wants to see the boy she fell in love with four years earlier and to learn the identity
of her real father, clues to which lie in one of the poems
written by her mother.
16__________
'August' is set in a country house in North Wales during the late 19th century
when a group of people gather at the home of the Davis family. The visitors are the
tyrannical Professor Alexander Blathwaite, the absentee owner of the estate, and his
second wife, the much younger American, called Helen. They waste little time in
imposing their London ways on the rural inhabitants, including the brother of
Blathwaite's first wife, and the professor's plain daughter, Sian. The wife's brother falls
passionately in love with Helen although she shows no interest in him. Sian conceals a
secret love for the local doctor who is also in love with Helen. All relatives are
involved in a series of tragic-comic episodes and the ordered calm of household begins
to disintegrate.
Which film________?
A is about a person who moves to another part of the country for work?
B concerns people for whom work is the only thing that matters?
C shows how a new situation can change a person's character?
D might be rather dull if it were not for the scenery in it?
E involves a person going abroad after a death?
F is successful largely because of a young actress?
G has people bringing different values to another community
H began life asa play in the theatre?

Task 4
Read the text below. Choose from (A-H) the one which best fits each space
(17-22). There are two choices you do not need to use.
ON PARROTS
Parrots are becoming one of the most popular pets in America - and for good
reason. The parrot is (17) __________ that can be taught to talk, can be easily cared
for, and can (18) __________energetic parrot owner, a parrot can develop (19)
__________. In addition, a parrot can be trained to say 'pretty boy' or 'Polly wants a
cracker.' and it also can learn to whistle or even to imitate human singing.
(20) __________what an owner decides to teach a bird, training a parrot (21)
__________ but the reward is a stream of chatter. Another reason for the parrot's
popularity is that this pet does not require much care. For example, even a spoiled
parrot does not need a house sitter for the purpose of daily walks and daily feeding. In
fact, a parrot owner may leave his or her pet with enough food for five days and have
no fear that the parrot will overeat. Still another advantage of owning a parrot is its
inexpensive diet, which consists of an assortment of seeds, nuts, corn, and grain- along
with an apple, banana, or carrot.
Perhaps the most likely reason the parrot is becoming such a well-liked pet is that
it is a combination of tameness and wildness. Because the parrot can live
(22)__________ it makes a fine, tame companion for many people. In addition,
because it can be easily trained, it is a delightful performer. At the same time, its
colourful feathers give it an air of the mystery of the parrot's native home, the jungle.
Thus, the parrot, once a highly valued gift presented to kings and noble families, is
now appreciated by a growing number of people.
A popular pets
B an extraordinary bird
 C takes much patience
D create a fantasy-like atmosphere
E an enormous vocabulary
F No matter
G light year
H in almost any environment

Task 5
Read and complete the text below. For each of the empty space (23-32)
choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
MAESTRO MYROSLAV SKORYK:
"AT TIMES IT SEEMED TO ME THAT MOSES WOULD BE MY SWAN
SONG'
Lviv's Krushelnytska Opera and Ballet Theatre staged the international
(23)________ of Myroslav Skoryk's opera, Moses. The author and composer
(24)________ that the opera dealt with an international subject, and addressed al
nations and peoples, especially those struggling for (25) and building their nation
states.
Like the characters of I v a n Franko's poem (the (26) ________, written by
Bohdan Stelmakh, is based on it), Ukraine is also trying to find its way in the stormy
sea of life's problems. The poem was written in 1905, yet it seems to reflect (27)
________ realities.
I' had the idea of Moses long ago,' said the composer. 'It was (28) ________ by
my father. He was a historian. It took me two years. I wrote the opera on three
continents. I started in Lviv and then continued in America, and later in (29)________
. Australia. Moses is about a leader and a people and their relationships. Ivan Franko's
poem is first of all philosophical. My task was to convey Franko's poetic (30)
________ in music. 250 persons worked on the project, almost the whole company
actors, and about 2,000 people. In Moses my task was (31)________ and difficult at
the same time. I wanted this opera to be (32)________ I kept its style modern but close
to classical canons. Composing music is a very individual process; every composer
does it in his own way. A melody can come suddenly, at any moment, even in your
sleep. I think that being able to compose music and use one's talent is what you call
happiness.'
23 A premiere B debut C first night D matinee
24 A believed B accepted C guessed D trusted
25 A liberty B autonomy C independence D sovereignty
26 A scenario B outline C libretto D display
27 A modern B present-day C mediocre D contemporary
28 A advised B prompted C inspired D motivated
29 A remote B dismant C absent D faraway
30 A overtones B nuances C traces D distinctions
31 A simple B intricate C elementary D natural
32 A popular B great C exclusive D fashionable
 PRACTICE TEST №7
Task 1
Read the text below. For assignments (1-5) choose the correct answer (A, B,
C, D).
JUANITA'S FAMILY PROBLEMS
It was a three-block walk from the bus to the nursery school where Juanita had
left her little daughter this morning on her way to work. Juanita hurried, knowing she
was late. The little girl ran toward her as she entered the small playroom in the
basement of a private house. Though the house, like others in the area, was old and in
disrepair, the school rooms were clean and cheerful - the reason Juanita had chosen the
school in preference to others, though the cost was higher and it was hard for her to
pay. It was obvious from the stillness around that the other children were all gone.
Miss Ferroe, who owned and ran the school, came in and looked pointedly at her
watch. 'Mrs Nunez, as a special favour I agreed that Estella could stay after the others,
but this is too late... Other parents observe the school's closing time.'
It won't happen again, I promise,' said Juanita. 'Very well. But since you are here,
Mrs. Nunez, may I remind you that last month's bill for Estella had not been paid.' I
really am sorry, Miss Ferroe. It will be paid on Friday. I'll have my paycheck then.'
The school fees, Juanita decided, would have to come out of her pay this week, as she
had said, and somehow she must manage until the payday after that. She wasn't sure
how.
Her wage as a teller at the bank was $83. Out of that there was food to buy for the
two of them, Estella's school fees, plus rent of the tiny flat they lived in; also the
finance company would demand a payment since she
had missed the last. Before Carlos, her husband, left her, simply walking out and
disappearing a year ago, Juanita
had been naive enough to sign finance papers together with her husband. He had
bought suits, a used car, a colour
TV on credit, all of which he took with him. Juanita, however, was still paying
and the installments seemed to stretch on into a limitless future.
1. Juanita's daughter studied in ....
A infant school B nursery school C secondary school D high school
2. The building of school was . . . .
A old and in disrepair B modern C clean and cheerful D renovated
3. The small playroom of the nursery school was in (on)...of a private house.
A the basement B the first floor C the second floor D the attic
4. Juanita worked at
A the school B the hospital C the bank D the market
Juanita's wage was.
A $73 B $83 C$103 D $303
 Task 2
Read the text below. Match choices (A-G) to (6-10). There are two choices
you do not need to use.
A LIMITLESSDAY
6___________
It was a three-block walk from the bus to the nursery school where Ella had left
her little daughter this morning on her way to work. Ella hurried, knowing she was
late. The little girl ran toward her as she entered the small playroom in the basement of
a private house. Though the house, like others in the area, was old and in disrepair, the
school rooms were clean and cheerful- the reason Ella had chosen the school in
preference to others, though the cost was higher and it was hard for her to pay.
7___________
It was obvious from the stillness around that the other children were al gone. Miss
Cortesio, who owned and
ran the school, came in and looked pointedly at her watch. 'Mrs Ferguson, as a
special favour I agreed that Estella
could stay after the others, but this is too late. Other parents observe the school's
closing time.'
8___________
'It won't happen again, I promise,' said Ela. 'Very well. But since you are here,
Mrs. Ferguson, may I remind you that last month's bill for Estella had not been paid.' I
really am sorry, Miss Cortesio. It will be paid on Friday. I'll have my pay check then.'
The school fees, Ela decided, would have to come out of her pay this week, as she had
said, and somehow she must manage until the payday after that. She wasn't sure how.
9___________
Her wage as a teller at the bank was $83. Out of that there was food to buy for the
two of them, Estella's school fees, plus rent of the tiny flat they lived in; also the
finance company would demand a payment since she had missed the last.
10___________
Before Charles, her husband, left her, simply walking out and disappearing a year
ago, Ella had been naïve enough to sign finance papers together with her husband. He
had bought suits, a used car, a colour TV on credit, all of which he took with him. Ela,
however, was still paying and the instalments seemed to stretch on into a limitless
future.
A Estella's School Fees
B Ella is Late for School
C Miss Cortesio Reminds Ella of Paying the Bill
D Ella's Financial Troubles
E Ella at Work
F Family Relations between Ella and Charles
G Ella Hurries to the Nursery School

Task 3
 Read the text below. Match choices (A-H) to (11-16). There are two choices
you do not need to use.
PLACES WHERE PEOPLE CAN SPEND HOLIDAYS
11___________
Seaview Guest House is just a five-minute walk from the beach. There are five
large family bedrooms and two bathrooms on each of the two floors. We give a warm
welcome to everyone, but particularly enjoy having families with young children.
Unfortunately, we can't accept pets. Our terms include breakfast and a three-course
evening meal. Price for accommodation, breakfast and evening meal is 100€ per adult
and per children under 20£ per week.
12___________
Butlers Holiday Camp is designed for fun-loving young people. The camp is on
the south coast and enjoys an
enviable climate. Even if it does rain, there is plenty going on. Throughout the day
you can swim in the pool, join the organised games or take an excursion. In the
evening there is always a mass of things to do - discos, talent concerts, karaoke, etc.
There is no age limit for this holiday but it is most likely to appeal to people aged
between 20 and 35. Price per person per week for full board and entertainment
programme is 500£.
13___________
For the dedicated walker, Rangers Mountain Lodge offers the perfect holiday.
Situated 1,000 metres above sea-level, the lodge offers wonderful views over the
mountains with unsurpassed possibilities for hiking and rock climbing. The lodge is
not luxurious but it offers clean and comfortable accommodation, plentiful meals and,
most important of all, bracing mountain air. Price is 50£ per night (breakfast included).
14___________
Sheldon House is a hotel which caters for people who expect quality and are not
prepared to put up with second best. The hotel dominates the town and guests can
enjoy beautiful views out to sea from our sun lounge.
The hotel has a fitness centre and both outdoor and indoor swimming pools for
the exclusive use of residents. We provide a full English breakfast and a magnificent
five-course evening meal with wine included. Every evening after dinner there is
dancing to our resident three-piece band. Gentlemen are requested to wear ties in the
dining room. Costs for accommodation, breakfast and evening meal are from 400£ per
person daily.
15___________
The Walton Club welcomes people who want an active holiday in the countryside.
Situated in the middle of
rolling hills 30 kilometres from the city, the club welcomes anyone from the age
of 21. Every day we organise a wide variety of activities including golf, hang gliding,
horse riding, canoeing, dancing and walking. Accommodation is in twin-bedded
rooms, all with shower and WC. Cost is 350£ per week covering accommodation and
full board (activities extra).
16___________
Swallow Cottage provides a self-catering holiday, perfect for anyone wanting to
get away from it al and have a peaceful break in the heart of the English countryside.
The cottage is in a valley surrounded by gentle hills. The area is perfect for anyone
who wants to do a little gentle walking or to go fishing in the nearby river. For those
who prefer to stay in their cars, there are many possibilities for delightful journeys
around the country lanes and surrounding villages. The cottage consists of a dining
area, kitchen, two bedrooms, and bathroom. Rental is 400£ per week.
Which holiday would you recommend for___________?
A two couples who enjoy country walks and touring in their cars?
B a couple who like organised activities, preferably in the countryside?
C a single man with plenty of money who enjoys going to plays?
D a couple with two children aged 4and 8?
E a couple who like comfortable surrounding and enjoy dancing?
F a man without much money who gets bored on normal holidays?
G a man who likes mild climate
H a strong independent-minded girl who enjoys hard walking?

Task 4
Read the text below. Choose from (A-H) the one which best fits each space
(17-22). There are two choices you do not need to use.
VEGETARIANS
The word 'vegetarian' was coined in about 1840 to mean people who lived
(17)_______ either for moral or health reasons, or both. But the practice is
(18)_______. Greek philosophers recommended vegetarianism and famous people
who have practised it in the past include Leonardo da Vinci, Tolstoy and Voltaire,
Milton, Newton and Bernard Shaw. Surely this proves that mental activity does not
depend on (19) _______ . What are the arguments that might stop us from eating meat?
Man's body is more like those of (20) _______ (such as our 'cousins' the apes)
than like those of flesh- eating animals. For millions of years man must have lived on
fruit, nuts and leaves and so developed a (21) _______. Perhaps the more we move
away from this diet towards meat-eating, the less likely we are to be healthy. Cancer,
tuberculosis and heart disease are certainly more common in meat-eating communities.
Man may have started eating the flesh of animals during the Ice Age when most of the
vegetation was destroyed.
A diet of vegetables, fruit, grains and nuts together with a few dairy products can
give us al the vitamins and minerals we need. By eating meat we are getting
(22)_______ after they have been digested by the animal. It is worth considering how
wasteful meat-eaters are with land. A meat-eater needs about three times as much land
to support himself and his animals as a vegetarian does. For every 45 kilos of dry food
eaten by cattle only 1,8 - 7,3 kilos come back as food for us humans - an expensive
method of producing food.
A fruit-eating animals
B flesh products
C without killing for food
D much older than that
E the basic food elements secondhand
 F digestive system
G flesh foods
H vegetable-eating animals

Task 5
Read and complete the text below. For each of the empty space (23-32)
choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
JUAN IN BRITAIN
Juan wanted to go to Britain to speak English with (23) _______. English people.
His sister's husband was an English doctor and when Juan wrote to her, his sister,
whose name was Rosa, invited him to stay with her. She met him at the airport in her
English car and (24) _______ spoke Spanish all the time. 'Never mind', he thought, 'the
husband speaks English'. But this Englishman spoke Spanish and he liked Spanish
food and a Spanish (25) _______ when he came home in the evening. Juan's sister had
only Spanish friends and Juan did not speak a word of English. One morning about
nine o'clock he (26) the milkman who was putting two bottles of milk on the doorstep.
He (27) _______opened the door and said 'Good morning'. The milkman said
'Good morning' and walked away. (28) _______ his big day came. One of Rosa's
friends had a party and invited Juan. At last he was going to meet real English people
ofhis (29) _______age. He wanted to goup to people but could not. Suddenly a very
(30)_______ girl came up to him and said, 'How (31) _______ you are Spanish, I'm
having a Spanish exam soon. I can practise on you.' And she invited him to dance in
Spanish. From that moment he (32) _______ And two months later he went home
quite happy.
23 A certain B real C sincere D true
24 A naturally B absolutely C normally D typically
25 A air B spirit C atmosphere D tone
26 A assailed B attacked C invaded D charged
27 A suddenly B a b r u p t l y C unexpectedly D swiftly
28 A definitely B lastly C finally D decisively
29 A private B individual C personal D own
30 A beautiful B handsome C appealing D fair
31 A lucky B successful C fortunate D prosperous
32 A s t o p p e d B g a v e up Ccapitulated Dabandoned
 PRACTICE TEST №8
Task 1. Read the text below. For questions (1-5) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Wildlife cameraman
Doug Allan films wild animals in cold places. If you’ve ever been amazed by footage of
polar bears in a nature documentary, it’s probably been filmed by him. His perfect temperature,
he says, is -18°C. Allan trained as a marine biologist and commercial diver. Diving was his first
passion, where he learned about survival in cold places. His big break came when a TV crew
turned up in Antarctica, where Allan was working, to film a wildlife documentary. ‘I ended up
taking the crew to different places, and after 48 hours I realised that being a wildlife cameraman
ticked all the boxes: travel, adventure, underwater.’
He is now a top cameraman and has worked on many major TV wildlife series. ‘I came
along at a good time. When I started, hardly anyone had been to the Antarctic. You had coral
people, elephant people, chimpanzee people. I just became the cold man. It was like all these
amazing sequences were just waiting to be captured on film.’ The camera and communications
technology was very basic when he started 35 years ago. ‘It is certainly easier to film today. If
you shot something then, you had to remember it. Today, with digital technology, you can
shoot a lot and look at it immediately. You used to have to think what shots you needed next,
and what you had missed. You shot less. Film was very expensive.
Today you can have too much material.’
‘My value is field experience in cold conditions. I have a feel for it. I have spent so much
time on sea ice it now feels like crossing the street. I do get cold toes but the poles are healthy
places. There are no leeches, no diseases or mosquitoes.’ Wildlife filming, Allan says, is full of
great successes, but also failures and embarrassments. Once, he was in the Orkneys to film
kittiwakes. Unfortunately he could not identify which birds they were.
When Allan recently got permission to film sequences for a major TV series in Kong
Karls Land, a group of islands in the Arctic Ocean, he did not expect an easy assignment. It is a
world of polar bears and is strictly off limits to all but the most fearless or foolish. Usually -
32°C in April, the wind is vicious and hauling cameras in the deep snow is a nightmare. After
walking five or more hours a day and watching polar bear dens in the snow slopes for 23 days,
however, Allan had seen just one mother bear and her cub. By day 24, though, he says, he was
living in bear world, at bear speed, with bear senses.
‘We find a new hole and wait. We shuffle, hop, bend, stretch and run to stay warm. Five
hours of watching and then with no warning at all I catch a glimpse so brief that I almost miss
it. But the camera’s locked on the hole on full zoom and my eye’s very quickly on the
viewfinder. Nothing for a couple of seconds and then an unmistakable black nose. Nose
becomes muzzle, grows bigger to become full head and in less than a minute she has her front
legs out and is resting on the snow in front of the hole. She’s looking at me but she’s not
bothered. I’ve just taken a close-up, thinking this can’t get much better … when she sets off on
a long slide down the slope. I’d swear it’s partly in sheer pleasure,’ he recounts, adding that two
cubs then appeared at the den entrance. ‘Clearly it’s their first view of the world … It’s show
time on the slopes and we have front-row seats.’
 Now Allan would like to make his own film about climate change in the Arctic, talking to
the people who live there and experience the impact of it first hand. He says he would be able to
make an extraordinary documentary.
1. What do we learn about Allan in the first paragraph?
A He had to train as a diver in order to become a wildlife
cameraman. B Becoming a cameraman suited the interests he already
had.
C He was given the chance to work as a cameraman by a TV crew he
met. D Finding work as a cameraman allowed him to remain in Antarctica.

2. What does Allan say about the first documentaries he worked

on? A He has very clear memories of them.
B Most of what he filmed was new to viewers.
C They were shorter than those he makes nowadays.
D He would have liked to have been able to choose where he worked.

3. Why does Allan compare spending time on sea ice to crossing the
street? A It is an ordinary occurrence for him.
B He thinks it presents a similar level of
danger. C He has learnt to approach it in the same
way.
D It requires skills that can be used in winter conditions anywhere.

4. When Allan had been on Kong Karls Land for a while, he began
to A stop worrying about the dangers he was facing.
B feel a deep understanding of how polar bears
lived. C get used to the terrible conditions for filming.
D be more hopeful that one bear would lead him to others.

5. What feeling does Allan describe in the fifth

paragraph? A panic when he nearly fails to film a fantastic
sequence
B concern that he has disturbed an adult female with her
young C amazement at being lucky enough to capture some great
shots
D delight at being able to move around after waiting quietly for ages
 Task 2. You are going to read an article about teens at work. Choose the most
suitable heading from the list A-H for each part (6-11) of the article. There are two extra
headings which you do not need to use

A Working to save
В Helping with the family
business C Learning about the law
D Pet exercise

E Experience leads to
success F Preparing tasty
delights!
G An important
relationship H A life with
literature

6
Mara has been in the school swimming team for years, so when a part-time job came up
at the pool, she was naturally interested. Now she works part-time teaching children how to
swim. 'Since I'm in the pool all the time anyway, I might as well get paid a bit too,' she Laughs.
Mara's very good at what she does, and she likes it a lot too. I can remember being afraid of the
water when I was little, so I really enjoy helping kids become good swimmers. I understand
them and they trust me.
7
On Saturday and Sunday afternoon, you'll find Mike in the park. Don't look for him on
the playing field however; Mike's in a kiosk, working. 'At the weekend the park is busy with
people of all ages and I'm here to serve them a drink or a sandwich to keep them going.' Mike's
parents have run the kiosk in the park for many years now, so it was only natural for Mike to
join them. 'While I'm still a student,' he explains, 'it's a perfect part-time job. I'm usually there
all day on Saturday, which is fine for me! My friends stop by and chat, I can watch all the
games and I get to enjoy the sunny weather. Well, when it rains I guess it's a little boring,
because there aren't many people around. Then I get a little time to read or play video games or
something. I don't really mind.'
8
I have the funniest job in the world,' says Josie, as an enormous Saint Bernard pulls her
along the street. Tm a dog walker! It happened quite by accident really. A neighbour asked me
once to walk her dog when she was suffering from a cold, then it just became a habit! Other
people have seen me on the street and that's how I got more work. I love animals so it's lots of
fun. I can hardly believe I get paid for walking other people's dogs, but it really does help them
out. Dogs need to get out a lot, and their owners rarely have the time for it. So this is a great
way to work it all out. Everybody's happy, especially me and the dogs!'
 9
Sarah used to babysit often, but then she specialized in caring for young babies. 'Most
mums won't leave their newborn baby with a babysitter, but they still need help with them.
That's where I come in. I've learned all about caring for infants through books, classes and on-
the- job training, so I feel very comfortable and confident with them,' she says. This is what
new mums want and need, so Sarah's business is booming! She helps take care of three infants
right now, visiting their houses for an hour or so whenever the mums need her assistance.
10
Roy got a job at a nearby car wash to help earn money for university next year. He
works at the weekend, drying the cars as they emerge from the car wash. 'It may not be the
most exciting job in the world,' he admits, 'but the money is good and the hours are right.' It
was the best solution for me at this time. I've made quite a bit of money and I'm looking
forward to going away to university next year.'
11
Scott's a bit of a bookworm, so a part-time job at the public library was ideal for him. His
work includes putting books in their proper places on the shelves and helping people find what
they're looking for. 'I love books of all kinds, especially the older editions and rare books.
When I show them to people in the library I can see that they feel they've made a discovery or
something, and that's exciting.' Scott works almost every day after school for a few hours so it
doesn't interfere with his schoolwork or time with his friends. It's perfect really,' he says, 'and I
get a lot of time to read the books that I like.'

Task 3. You are going to read part of an interview where a whole family was asked to
give their views on crime and the law. For questions 12-16, choose from the people (A-E).

Which person:
12. has been a victim of crime?
13. thinks there is not enough police presence on the streets?
14. has considered a career in the police force?
15. would punish violent offenders more severely?
16. has been in trouble with the police?
 Family Values - Crime
A Mrs Walford, 38 Well, I’m a good person to ask, aren’t I? I had my purse stolen a
month ago. It’s a horrible thing to happen to anyone - you just can’t believe that it’s gone. And
then there are all the things you carry with you. I lost some photos of the children when they
were babies and they were worth more than the money. The police never found any trace of it.
At least I wasn’t hurt - it wasn’t until I got home that I missed it. You can see why they do it. I
mean some of these people literally don’t have anything to eat. It’s a terrible existence. I
actually feel sorry for them.
В Nan, 62 I can see I brought my daughter up well! She’s very forgiving. More so than
me, in fact. I’m in my sixties now and I’m not so steady on my feet as I used to be and, well,
I’m terrified of being attacked while I’m out shopping or something. You hear such horrible
stories. But what can the police do? There’s something like one policeman for every three
thousand people. They haven’t got a chance! It’s hard enough being an old lady but I certainly
wouldn’t like to be a police officer. Not nowadays.
C Mr Watford, 42 It’s no secret because I talk to the kids about it, but I was once picked
up for taking part in a demonstration. It was all very peaceful and I’m not proud of it but I think
it’s a good lesson for youngsters to learn. I was lucky in that they dropped the charges and I
didn’t end up in court. Still, I don’t consider myself a criminal. I mean, my crime, if you can
call it that, was nothing in comparison to what some people get away with. Even if they do
catch somebody, I don’t think a few months in prison is enough really. My family don’t agree
with me but I keep reading these stories about executions in America and, when I read what
they’ve done, I can’t help thinking they deserve it. If they still had capital punishment over
here, I think certain criminals would think twice.
D Paul, 18 A mate of mine once told me that he could get me a pair of expensive trainers
for a ridiculously low price. I knew what he was up to so I spent ages talking him out of it.
He’s just got into university, so I imagine he’s grateful that I did. Prison is no fun and it only
makes you worse. You learn more tricks inside and you have no choice when you come out, so
you have to continue with your life of crime. It’s tempting because you see all these things on
TV and you can’t afford them, but the police are clever and they’ll get you sooner or later. I’ve
thought about joining, actually. I think I’d quite like it. I wonder what they’d say about my dad
being a criminal!
E Jennifer, 15 I wouldn’t go as far as Dad but I agree with him up to a point. If you’re
attacked, it can be very serious and you might never get over it mentally, even if you recover
physically. So I agree with longer prison sentences for people who commit acts of violence. If
they knew they’d spend twenty years locked up, then they’d think twice about going out and
mugging people. We have to be careful, though, that we don’t let the TV news frighten us.
They focus on sensational crimes and it’s not like that everywhere.
 Task 4. Read the text below. Choose from (A-H) the one which best fits each space (17 -
22). There are two choices you do not need to use.
‘I often spend day shopping’
Fashion styling is basically about making people look nice. I work on editorial photo
shoots, styling models for fashion spreads in magazines and newspapers, (17) .
A typical day usually starts with me packing up and returning clothes worn at an
awards ceremony the night before, then heading out to find new things for my next
assignment. If I’m finding clothes for someone new, I’ll call the person first to discuss their
likes and dislikes, (18) . Then I’ll spend the day shopping and bring back lots of
different outfits for them to choose from.
The best thing about my job is shopping. I hope (19) . Apart from that, it’s the social
aspect of the job which is important to me. I work with a big list of people– models, make-up
artists, photographers – on various different assignments, and it’s lovely checking in with them
if I haven’t seen them for a few months. You’re collaborating together (20) ,
and when things come together, it’s hugely satisfying.
There are a range of skills you need to be a top fashion stylist. It’s not enough to have
an artistic eye. You should try (21) . For example, if you go to gigs, exhibitions and
plays, it will inform your work. During a fashion shoot, you have to be hawk-eyed, ready to
swoop on any uneven hemlines.
So the reality is (22) . If you want to be a fashion stylist, get a qualification under
your belt – not necessarily a degree in fashion styling, but maybe in design. That will give you
a useful range of skills. Then do work experience with a stylist in the most stressful
environment possible – probably fashion shoots for a newspaper – so you learn to work under
pressure to a deadline.
Try to learn your craft from a stylist you admire, be as professional as you can,
and be prepared to do a lot of work for free.

A to make something look gorgeous

B in order to provide extra information
C which helps me to put together a
profile D that doesn’t sound too shallow
E and I also style celebrities for big awards
ceremonies F that it’s a lot of hard work
G to find inspiration in unexpected
places H it is not easy
 Use of English
Task 5. Read the texts below. For questions (23-32) choose the correct answer (A, B,
C or D).
Deanshouse Hotel

This is a hotel of two halves, with business guests treating themselves to little luxury
during the week, while couples enjoy romantic weekend breaks. (23) it is only minutes
away from the busy Deansgate area, this elegant hotel is on a quiet side street, ensuring peace
and quiet. A (24) schoolhouse, the hotel has kept the theme throughout, with
photographs of old pupils on the walls and separate ‘boys’ and ‘girls’ staircases. The owners
have also (25) to retain many original features, but have (27) modern
touches like rich, deep carpets and large, comfortable beds to the cosy rooms, (27)
everything a luxurious feel. The Oyster Café on the ground floor offers afternoon tea and a
selection of tasty dishes.

2 A Despite B However C Although D Yet

3
2 A past B former C finished D previous
4
2 A managed B succeeded C achieved D reached
5
2 A increased B contained C improved D added
6
2 A making B giving C presenting D providing
7
 The Young Crab and his Mother
One day, a young crab and his mother were on the beach, (28) some time together. The
young crab got up to move, but it could only walk sideways. His mother scolded him for
walking side• ways and asked him to walk forward by pointing his toes out front. The young
crab responded, "I would like to walk forward mom, but I do not know how to".
(29) this, his mom got up to show him how, but even she was unable (30) her
knees forward. She realized that she was being unfair, apologized (31) , and
(32) back in the sand.

Moral: Don't condemn someone for not doing something that you yourself are unable to do.
2 A were B spent C being spent D spending
8 spending
2 A Hearing B Having heard C Being heard D heard
9
3 A bending B to bending C bend D to bend
0
3 A sheepish B sheepishly C sheeped D sheepingly
1
3 A sitting B was sitting C sat D sit
2
 PRACTICE TEST №9
Task 1
Read the text below. For assignments (1-5) choose the correct answer (A, B, C, or D).
THE WORLD OF PUPPET THEATRE
Watching wooden dolls come to life may not be one of the most popular forms of entertainment
today, but with over twenty years' experience, talented puppeteer Peter Roberts has earned himself the
title 'master puppeteer' due to his extraordinary ability to transform puppets into believable, almost living
characters. 'People are quite often surprised to hear what I do for a living and have little appreciation of
puppetry as a form of entertainment. But while the exact origins of puppet theatre are unknown, it has
been popular in many cultures and may have been the very first kind of theatre,' he explains.
As Roberts writes his own scripts and musical scores, his shows are highly original. A' puppet
show can involve anything from clowning to storytelling,' he explains. Equally diverse is the audience he
performs for.
'Some come, to be entranced with the puppets themselves, while others enjoy the catchy tunes and
witty dialogue. Roberts believes that this form of entertainment crosses international boundaries and can
be appreciated by people of all ages and cultures.
Roberts' fascination for puppets started when he received some beautiful glove puppets one
Christmas. He started putting on shows with these for family and friends and then moved on to
handmade Chinese string puppets. Learning mostly from books and personal experience, he continued
with his 'hobby' while studying for a degree in architecture. Buy the time I left university,' he explains, I'
was already spending, most of my free time carving puppets and putting on shows in the community, so I
hardly noticed the transition from student to full-time professional puppeteer. I realized I had long since
abandoned al thoughts of pursuing any other career!'
The puppets are designed specifically for each show, which is extremely time-consuming. Each
one is carved out of English limewood and then painted. According to Roberts: 'Sometimes what you
anticipate and what you actually create in the end are two very different things, but I've made some of my
best puppets 'accidentally', as it were.' Some of his 'characters' then appear in exhibitions; others are used
for puppeteering workshops.
When most people hear the word 'puppetry', they more than likely think of The Muppet Show or
the Punch and Judy show at the English seaside, or a way of keeping children entertained at birthday
parties. Certainly the subject matter will be expected to be light-hearted rather than serious. However,
Roberts is keen to point out that puppet theatre can often be used as an effective educational tool.
'Through the mouths of puppets come serious messages sometimes,' he says.
1 What do we learn about puppet theatre in the first paragraph?
A It is not fully recognised. B It is gaining popularity.
C It is highly valued as an art form. D It is a popular form of entertainment.
2. Roberts has earned himself the title 'master puppeteer' because ...
A he loves puppets B he has a great experience of work with puppets
C it is an original form of entertainment D he can turn his puppets into living beings
3 Roberts believes that his shows A are suitable only for children C appeal to light-hearted
people
A are suitable only for children B offer something for everyone
C appeal to light-hearted people D are mainly appreciated for their originality
 4. Roberts started working as a professional puppeteer . . .
A after doing a puppetry course. B after leaving university.
C while he was still a student. D when he realised he didn't want to be an architect.
5 The puppets that Roberts designs. . ..
A are made using a variety of techniques. B aren't made to last.
C turn out better than expected D usually appear in several different shows.
Task 2
Read the text below. Match choices (A-G) to (6-10). There are two choices you do not need to
use.
GETTING A JOB
6______________
Are you tired of not making enough money? Do you want to find the fastest way to get ahead?
Become a commissioned representative for Direct Sales Incorporation! Highly attractive salary and car
provided.
7______________
A professional couple move to Mandanga for work and need a child care specialist nursemaid for
two young children. An applicant must like dogs and a current driving license is essential. Only for
mature non-smokers. Salary is dependent upon age and experience.
8______________
Expending data-processing department needs a mature operator with five years of A$400
experience to handle daily operations.
9______________
We need a dental receptionist for a part-time work. An applicant must speak German and English
and be matured and bright. Please respond with qualifications and salary requirements.
10______________
A Continental Computer Company needs a Customer Service Representative Trainee who enjoys
speaking to people. It is necessary for the applicants to be experienced with different computer systems
and computerized order processing.
What personality traits correspond to what job in the advertisement?
A calm and shy
B experienced and matured
C communicative and sociable
D ambitious and self-starter
E wise and bossy
F bilingual and experienced
G an animal-lover and non-smoker
 Task 3
Read the text below. Match choices (A-H) to (11-16). There are two choices you do not need
to use.
MUSEUMS, GALLERIES AND LIBRARIES IN GREAT BRITAIN
11______________
Britain is world famous for its outstanding libraries and museums, most of which are located in
London. The British Museum, one of the most famous museums in the world, is renowned for its
extensive and diverse collections, from Egyptian mummies to important historical documents. British
Museum, has fascinating displays of anthropological artefacts.
12______________
The Museum of Mankind, part of the
The National Gallery houses a vast collection of British and European paintings dating from the
13th century to modern times. Next door to the National Gallery is the National Portrait Gallery with
about 10,000portraitsof famous figures from British history, some dating from the 14th century.
13______________
The Victoria and Albert Museum features one of the world’s largest collections of fine and applied
arts, from jewellery, clocks and pottery to fabrics, furniture and musical instruments. The Tate Gallery
houses a vast collection of British art, as well as European works from the past two centuries.
14______________
The National Museum of Science and Industry contains five floors of exhibits on medicine,
photography, engineering, transportation and communications. Plant, animal and mineral specimens from
all over the world are part of the collection at the Natural History Museum, London.
15______________
The Imperial War Museum features exhibits on the wars of the 20th century, and the modern
Museum of London illustrates the history of the capital from its earliest times. Particularly popular with
tourists is Madame Tussaud's Waxworks, a unique collection of lifelike wax figures of famous people,
both living and dead.
16 ______________
„Britain's premier library, the British Library in London, contains a copy of nearly all significant
works published in English. It was housed in the British Museum until 1997, when it moved to a
new building.
Which of the museums, galleries and libraries is associated with…..?
A world's largest collections of fine and applied arts
B medicine, photography, engineering and transportation
C anthropological artefacts
D business and entertainment
E the history of London from its earliest times
F playhouses, hotels and shops
G a vast collection of British and European paintings
 H nearly all significant works published in English.
Task 4
Read the text below. Choose from (A-H) the one which best fits each space (17-22). There are
two choices you do not need to use.
PENICILLIN
In the early 1929s, the scientist Alexander Fleming reported that a product in human tears could
make
bacterial cells dissolve. But Fleming's finding, which he called lysozyme, would prove to be a dead
end (17) __________ an efficacious antibiotic, since it typically destroyed non-pathogenic bacterial cells
as well as harmful ones.
Fleming's second discovery, though, would be one of medicine's (18) __________ In 1928, he
discovered another antibacterial agent, quite (19) __________ Returning from a weekend away, Fleming
looked through set of plates on which he had been growing bacteria cultures. On one of them, he found
that colonies of the Staphylococcus bacteria had dissolved. He noticed that bacterial cells had
disintegrated in an area next to the mound growing on the plate and hypothesized that a product of the
mound had caused it. That product was penicillin, (20) __________ of most antibiotics, now the
standard treatment for infections.
While Fleming generally (21) __________ for discovering penicillin, he in fact merely
rediscovered it. nI 1896, the French medical student Ernest Duchesne had discovered the antibiotic
properties of Penicillium, but failed to report a connection between the fungus and a substance that had
antibacterial properties, and Penicillium (22) __________ in the scientific community until Fleming's
rediscovery.
A greatest breakthroughs
B the fundamental ingredient
C in the search for
D something pleasant
E by chance
F beside me
G receives credit
H was forgotten
Task 5
Read the text below. For questions (23-32) choose the correct answer (A, B,C, or D).
PAMELA'S SCHOOL
When Pamela Jarrett left university to become a primary school teacher, it was by no (23)
__________ easy to find a job. She therefore decided to go abroad as a volunteer teacher for a year.
When she realised she would be teaching deaf and blind children, she was a (24) taken aback. But after a
month's training she felt more with the situation. confident that she would be able to (25) __________
The basic living conditions also (26) __________ as something of a shock. Pamela's school was
situated in a remote Ethiopian village, where her accommodation (27) __________ of one room and a
shared bathroom. Not only was the space cramped, (28) __________ there was no electricity, Internet or
telephone access, so she felt totally cut from the outside world.
 Now back home in Britain, Pamela has used her (30) __________ experience to set up a similar
school. The (29) __________ specialised help she offers to the deaf and blind has made a huge (31)
__________ to dozens of children who would (32) __________ find themselves struggling to learn.
23 A means B way C account D extent
24 A somewhat B quite C rather D little
25 A handle B manage C cope D succeed
26 A appeared B proved C arrived D came
27 A consisted B contained C composed D combined
28 A and B also C then D but
29 A out B down C off D away
30 A priceless B valuable C worthy D precious
31 A change B difference C transformation D contrast
32 A otherwise B besides C alternatively D instead
 PRACTICE TEST №10
Task 1
Read the text below. For assignments (1-5) choose the correct answer (A, B, C, D).
CORRUPTION
Sharon had marched up to my desk, obviously furious, and demanded 'a word outside'. At that
moment I was just curious to find out what had bothered her so much. I followed her outside. "I've just
paid a little visit to our old friend Fat Micky,' she said, to' put some pressure on him about last year's
Renfrew robbery, and he says you took some cash to 'lose' some evidence. Well?'
If I'd known what was coming, I could have reacted better, but I'd been caught completely off
guard and I knew ti showed. 'It's a lie,' I said, as cool as I could. 'He's a criminal and will say anything.'I
hoped I sounded convincing but she was looking straight at me with her sharp blue eyes and I felt like a
schoolboy in trouble with the headmaster. I leaned back against the wall trying to look like I didn't have a
care in the world, despite the fact that I was having difficulty breathing and I could feel the beads of
sweat gathering on my forehead.
Sharon was a woman I'd always admired. A tough detective and a very good one, too. It wasn't
easy for a woman to make it as a detective and earn the respect of all her colleagues. But it hadn't been
easy for me either, a boy from the poorest area in Glasgow. I was a good detective, one of the best, in
fact, and I'd only ever made one mistake - taking money from Micky. It had been just after I had split up
with my wife and I was badly in debt. I had never done anything like it before and I never intended to do
it again.
Now, as Sharon confronted me, I felt small, ugly and very guilty. I also felt annoyed with her at
that moment. What made her so perfect? Had she never put afoot wrong anywhere? Ever? My mind
raced as I tried to decide what to do. Should I tell the truth, explain what had happened and hope she'd
take my side? Or should I just brush off the accusation and pray she didn't tell anyone? I had no idea if
this conversation could finish off my promising career as a police officer o not.
At the end of the day it would al come down to my word against Micky's and he was just a cheap
criminal.
But I didn't want people whispering behind my back, wondering fi it were true, whether I really
was a corrupt officer of the law. If word got out, this would always be on my record. Once your superiors
had lost confidence in you it was almost impossible to get it back and I didn't want to lose my chance of
further promotion. I'd already made it to detective inspector and I saw no reason why I couldn't go
higher. Except now there was Micky's betrayal casting a dark shadow over my dreams.
I shrugged my shoulders and attempted a cheeky grin at Sharon. 'You're the last person I expected
to believe Micky. I should be offended,' I said. She laughed, but it was an empty laugh and it didn't reach
her cold eyes. 'I didn't believe him. Until now, that is. It's a shame really, because you were always the
one person in the station that I looked up to. I thought you were very honest and I've just lost a little more
faith in humanity,' she said. 'But don't worry, your dirty little secret is safe with me.'
As I watched her turn around and go back into the station, I finally managed to take a deep breath.
Of course, I was very relieved that she wouldn't talk and I trusted her because I knew that, unlike me, she
really was an honest person. But her words had affected me deeply. I had lost her respect forever. I
would be able to hold my head high with everyone in the station, apart from her. Even if I ever did
manage to get the promotion I longed for, there would always be one person who knew I didn't deserve
it.
1. Sharon was angry because. . .
A Fat Micky was threatening her.
 B she found out the writer had put her in danger.
C she thought the writer may have harmed the case.
D she had been tricked by Fat Micky.
2. When the writer says 'I'd been caught completely off guard' in paragraph two, he means
he
A reacted wrongly.
B was seen doing wrong.
C wasn't feeling confident.
D was taken by surprise.
3. When Sharon made her accusation the writer .
A was afraid that he looked guilty.
B managed to persuade her that he was innocent.
C didn't try to defend himself.
D succeeded in staying calm.
4 In the third paragraph, the writer implies that his mistake .
A was Sharon's fault.
B his colleagues would lose their trust in him.
C hadn't hurt anyone.
D Sharon's career would be affected.
5. The writer was worried that ...
A he would lose his job.
B should be forgiven.
C Micky would try to hurt him.
D ended his marriage.

Task 2
Read the text below. Match choices (A-G) to (6-10). There are two choices you do not need to
use.
ARE SCHOOL DAYS THE HAPPIEST DAYS OF YOUR LIFE?
6______________
Ron Parks: 'School? It's a waste of time mostly - at least for me. The biggest problem at school is
the teachers. Most of them are bored with their jobs, so they're boring in their classes. If I had listened to
my teachers I would know all about Shakespeare and what day the Civil War started and how to prove
the Pythagorean Theorem and all that junk. But I wouldn't know anything how to make a business deal or
anything that's really important.'
7______________
 Anne Potts: I' loved school. Al my teachers were wonderful: I learned something special from each
one. I was a straight A student almost every year, but I didn't spend all my time studying. I participated in
many extra-curricular activities and sports too. I was always sorry when summer vacation started - three
months with no school!'
8______________
Craig Estrella: 'I went to a prep school in Connecticut and it wasn't easy for me to study there. We
had to study very hard, and a lot was expected of us. The thing I remember most is the friendships. The
friends I made then are still my friends today.'
9 ______________
Barbara Hamlin: 'I went to a big public high school ni the Midwest. We lived in a well-to-do
suburb, so the school was pretty good academically. I'm sorry I didn't take much advantage of it. I wish
my parents had let me take more science and math subjects. I thought then they were right and I was
wrong, so I majored in literature. It was so boring!'
10______________
Coleen Wilson: School was just another part of neighbourhood life. My brothers and sisters and I
went to a parochial elementary school three blocks from home. Later we had to take a bus to the public
high school. And then we al went to a little community college. The thing I remember most is a constant
changing of schools and colleges and a boring atmosphere practically in al of them. I didn't remember
any friends from my school years and it is verv bad.'
What personality traits correspond to each school-leaver?
A idle and haughty
B active and generous
C bright in studying and very sporty
D shy and irresolute
E hard-working and very sociable
F popular and fun-loving
G bored and unsociable
Task 3
Read the text below. Match choices (A-H) to (11-16). There are two choices vou do not need
to use.
EDUCATIONAL TOUR AGENCIES
11______________
EquityTravel School Tour has been arranging educational tours since 1991 and Directors and
Managers have many years" experience in school travel, making us true specialists in the field. 1 Youth
and School Group Travel Agency knows and understands special requirements of schools and youth
organizations and can meet your needs. You will receive a high-quality educational tour, with unrivalled
personal service and excellent value for money.
13______________
Educational Tours Agency organizes tours to a wide range of countries in Europe, and also offers
tours in the USA, South Africa, and other parts of the world. Al the tours have educational value and
many have been specifically designed to comply with the requirements of the UK National Curriculum.
 14______________
Study Tours Group offers history tours, geography tours, language courses and cookery courses,
which are available in the study tours programme, specially designed for school groups.
15______________
World Wide Travel Agency offers special educational tours to United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland. You will have a unique possibility to get acquainted with nature, culture and
language of this country.
16______________
With over 60 years of combined experience, Earnest Educational Tours offers a wide range of
travel and tourism related services targeting the dynamic educators. It focuses on providing exceptional
experiences, self- confidence and independence to the students and teachers around the world.
Which travel agency ?
A organizes tours to a wide range of countries in Europe?
B offers tours to Niagara Falls?
C offers language and cookery courses?
D focuses on providing exceptional experiences to students and teachers?
E offers a high-quality educational tour?
F looks forward to opening a new tour?
G has been arranging educational tours since 1991?
H offers special tours to Great Britain?
Task4
Read the text below. Choose from (A-H) the one which best fits each space (17-22). There are
two choices you do not need to use.
THE CIRCULATION OF THE BLOOD
William Harvey (1578-1657) undertook (17) ____________ into the circulation of the blood and
the function of the heart. He dispelled the contemporary belief that blood was propelled through the body
by a pulsing action in the arteries; instead, he argued, the heart was at the centre of the
(18)____________.
While at the University of Padua in Italy, Harvey (19) ____________ by the scientist and surgeon
Hieronymus Fabricius. Fabricius recognised that the veins in the human body had one-way valves, but
was puzzled as to what their function could be. It was Harvey who went on to (20) ____________ . In
1628, he published his findings in a book
An Anatomical Study of the Motion of the Heart and of the Blood in Animals. His discovery was
(21)____________ received with great interest and accepted ni England at once, although it was greeted
with some scepticism on the Continent.
Apart from offering insight into the function of the heart, Harvey's work also debunked
misconceptions about the role of the liver, the brain and the blood itself. His discovery left scientists with
(22)____________ reconsider the vast majority of medical theories which were up until then accepted,
and to place medicine on a new footing. In effect, it was the beginning of modern medicine.
 A circulatory system
C groundbreaking research E was tutored
G entitled
B solve the riddle D receives credit F search for
H no choice
Task 5
Read and complete the text below. For each of the empty space (23-32) choose the correct
answer (A, B, C or D).
WHAT IS HEALTHY FOOD?
We all know that eating too much junk food is bad for our health, but did you know that eating
some kinds of health foods could be just as bad for you? Michel Simon, who (23)__________the Centre
for Informed Food Choices in the USA, says there are sugary sports drinks that are as unhealthy as cola.
'These drinks may be (24). for marathon runners, but for kids doing ordinary exercise, they may end up
doing more (25) __________ Breakfast cereals, which of course are very (26) __________ than good.'
with kids, have also been criticized. Whilst they are often high in fibre, some of them (27) __________ a
lot more sugar and salt than you would expect. In addition, some of the foods we have (28)
__________to know as 'health snacks' have also been added to the black (29) __________ Although
they look and sound nutritious, in most (30) __________ they are much tastier than they are healthy for
you. For example, some types of dried fruit were (31) __________ to have more fat and sugar than the
fruit they were (32) __________ from.
23 A arranged B invented C constructed D founded
24 A precious B worthy C beneficial D valuable
25 A loss B injury C harm D damage
26 A common B known C popular D famous
27 A involve B contain C consist D include
28 A come B started C brought D arrived
29 A guide B account C column D list
30 A cases B purposes C occasions D situations
31 A searched B found C discovered D realized
32 A produced B created C formed D developed
 PRACTICE TEST №11
Task 1. Read the text below. For questions (1-5) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Green living
When Jimmy Wellbeck sold his car in favour of commuting by train and cycling two
years ago, all his friends promised to support him – not financially, but by taking similar
environmentally friendly actions. He also cut down on eating meat, as a personal contribution
to reducing the carbon footprint produced by intensive farming, as well as saving energy by
doing things like washing clothes at lower temperatures, taking shorter showers and growing
more of his own vegetables. In that first year, he calculates, he and his friends have saved over
700 kg of carbon dioxide, not to mention several thousand pounds in a fun and relatively
painless way.
The first few months of being car-free were the hardest, Jimmy explains, especially as
they were during the arrival of an extremely cold winter. Waiting for trains in the snow was
when he most missed his warm car, but slowly his new habits became routine as he adjusted to
his new existence. He also greatly appreciated not having to pay for car insurance and petrol.
Jimmy and his friends have now taken their ideas a step further and set up a not-for-
profit company, ECO friends. com, which uses social media to help people to help each other
in making their lives greener through sharing ideas and suggestions. There are now 2,500 eco
friends who have, between them, cut more than 300 tons of CO2 through their activities.
Of course, there are many people who would say that this kind of activity doesn’t make
enough of a difference to be worthwhile, but such attitudes never make the world a better place
either, claims Jimmy. Some years ago, he went on a trip to Germany where, he says, ideas
about green living are already gaining in popularity. On the visit, he learned that the kind of
sustainable life he was interested in was perfectly possible, without having to give up all the
comforts of life that many people are used to, and that it does make a difference.
A number of organisations with similar objectives to Jimmy’s are all involved in the
Make a Start scheme. The aim of Make a Start is to demonstrate just how simple and enjoyable
green living, energy saving and self-sufficiency can be. They intend, in the longer term, to put
people living in the same streets, apartment blocks and local areas in touch with each other so
that they can give each other a helping hand, organise or get involved in community events, as
well as get to know their neighbours.
One member, Claire, who lives on a houseboat, is typical of members, saying that the
organisation has really helped people like her who, in normal circumstances, would never
meet, to get together, creating a strong community feeling. ‘People who live on boats are
always keen on finding environmentally friendly solutions to problems, so if one of the
members discovers a greener cleaning product, for example, they can just email it to the Make
a Start bulletin board,’ she says.
Make a Start showed Claire how to put together a solar-powered electricity system for
her boat. It provides enough energy to run her fridge and so saves her money. ‘I had no idea
that it was so simple,’ she says. Even her children were able to help out – and so the next
generation has already started to get involved.
 1 What do we understand about Jimmy in the first
paragraph? A He wanted to save some money.
B He was interested in changing
lifestyles. C He had decided on a change of
career.
D He tried to set an example to his friends.

2 Jimmy founded ECOfriends.com to

A create a support network for like-minded
people. B allow him to spread his environmental
message. C educate people in living eco-friendly
lifestyles.
D help him meet other people with similar interests.

3 Jimmy believes that attitudes to green living

are A likely to change in future.
B different from country to country.

C often based on incorrect

information. D determined by people’s
self-interest.

4 What is the aim of the Make a Start

scheme? A to create local green projects
B to make green living more fun

C to build political support for green ideas

D to make it easier for people to become green together

5 In what way is Claire a typical member of Make a

Start? A She lives a typical lifestyle of members.
B She is a frequent participant in online
activities. C She has been able to meet new friends
through it. D She is active in the environmental
movement.
 Task 2. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-H for each part (6-11) of the
article. There are two extra headings which you do not need to use

A. Biological warfare in the plant E. The effects of

world allelopathy and realisation of
B. Why we cannot use allelopathic its possible uses
chemicals at present F. Specific examples
C. What is allelopathy? of allelopathic plants
D. The reasons why plants compete G. What are metabolites?
with other plants H. How could we
6 use allelopathic chemicals in
farming?
In forests and fields all over the world, plants are engaged in a deadly chemical war to
suppress other plants and create conditions for their own success. Would it be possible to use
their strategies and weapons to help us improve agriculture by preventing weeds from
germinating and encouraging growth in crops? This possibility is leading agricultural
researchers to explore the effects plants have on other plants with the aim of applying their
findings to farming.
7
The phenomenon by which an organism produces one or more chemicals that influence
the growth, survival and reproduction of other organisms is called allelopathy. These chemicals
are a subset of chemicals produced by organisms called secondary metabolites. A plant's
primary metabolites are associated with growth and development. Allelochemicals, however,
are part of a plant's defense system and have a secondary function in the life of the organism.
The term allelopathy comes from the Greek: allelo and pathy meaning 'mutual harm'.
8
Allelopathy can be observed in many aspects of plant ecology. It can affect where certain
species of plants grow, the fertility of competitor plants, the natural change of plant
communities over time, which plant species are able to dominate a particular area, and the
diversity of plants in an area. Plants can release allelopathic chemicals in several ways: their
roots can release chemicals directly into the soil, and their bark and leaves can release
chemicals into the soil as they rot. Initially, scientists were interested in the negative effects of
allelopathic chemicals. Observations of the phenomenon included poor growth of some forest
trees, damage to crops, changes in vegetation patterns and, interestingly, the occurrence of
weed-free areas. It was also realised that some species could have beneficial effects on
agricultural crop plants and the possible application of allelopathy became the subject of
research.
9
Today research is focused on the effects of weeds on crops, the effects of crops on
weeds, and how certain crops affect other crops. Agricultural scientists are exploring the use
of allelochemicals to regulate growth and to act as natural herbicides, thereby promoting
sustainable agriculture by using these natural chemicals as an alternative to man-made
 chemicals. For example, a small fast-growing tree found in Central America,
sometimes called the 'miracle tree', contains a poison that slows the growth of other trees but
does not affect its own seeds. Chemicals produced by this tree have been shown to improve
the production of rice.
10
There may be at least three applications of allelopathy to agriculture. Firstly, the
allelopathic properties of wild or cultivated plants may be bred into crop plants through genetic
modification or traditional breeding methods to improve the release of desired allelochemicals
and thus improve crop yield. Secondly, a plant with strong allelopathic properties could be
used to control weeds by planting it in rotation with an agricultural crop and then leaving it to
rot and become part of the soil in order to inhibit the growth of weeds. Finally, naturally
occurring allelopathic chemicals could be used in combination with man- made chemicals,
which could be better for the environment.
11
Despite the promising uses of allelopathic chemicals, agricultural scientists are still
cautious. Firstly, allelopathic chemicals may break down and disappear in the soil more easily
than artificial chemicals. Secondly, allelopathic chemicals may be harmful to plants other than
weeds. Thirdly, allelopathic chemicals could persist in the soil for a long time and may affect
crops grown in the same field as the allelopathic plants at a later date. Because the effects of
allelopathic chemicals are not yet fully known, agricultural scientists will need to continue to
study the biological war between plants.

Task 3. You are going to read an article about an unusual species of fish. For questions
12- 16, choose from options (A-E).

Which section mentions

12 an almost unique physical feature?
13 a possible misinterpretation of
a phrase? 14 an unexpected discovery?
15 a lack of knowledge?

16 an idea that was disproved?

The coelacanth
A The coelacanth is a deep-water sea fish, sometimes known as the ‘living fossil’, which
has remained unchanged in appearance since before dinosaurs ruled the world. It is known to
live in sea caves deep beneath the Indian Ocean, but was previously only known in fossils, the
youngest of which were over 70 million years old. It was something of a surprise to scientists
when one was netted by a fisherman in 1938.
 B It was the 19th-century British scientist Charles Darwin who first used the expression
‘living fossil’ to mean any animal that had been able to survive unchanged since prehistory.
Modern scientists, however, say that this term is sometimes unhelpful as people may get the
impression that it refers to a dead species that scientists have somehow brought back to life.
The coelacanth is not a fossil, but a living creature, living in the same world as us.

C A fully grown coelacanth can reach 1.5 metres long. They have fins that often remind
people of the legs of land animals. They have backbones like those of frogs and lizards. These
factors, plus their extremely long existence on Earth, have previously led some to believe that
they might be connected in some way to those first fish that made the great leap from sea
creatures to land-based life. Until recently, scientists were unsure whether the coelacanth has
remained so unchanged because it truly was evolving slowly, or whether in fact its DNA was
actually developing in just the same way, and at the same rate, as other species.

D When finally studied scientifically, coelacanth DNA did show that it has changed no
more quickly than the fish’s external appearance, say scientists in a new report. The coelacanth
DNA has the slowest rate of what is known as ‘substitution’ compared to most animals with
similar physical features, such as backbones. This may be a reflection of the fact that they had
no real need to change because they live in an environment that has not itself altered a great
deal, and where the coelacanth has no natural enemies.

E Scientists often discuss the way certain species have developed over the ages, but there
still remain a number of locations where the wildlife is not forced to evolve and the
coelacanth’s caves is one of them. They are simply highly adapted to living in such an extreme
situation. Why would it need to change anything about itself? Scientists carrying out the DNA
examination also learned that coelacanths were, in fact, unlikely to be closely related to the
first fish to move on to land. The lungfish is now thought to be the most likely contender for
this particular prize. They are related to the coelacanth, but their DNA is far more complex,
say scientists.

Task 4. Read the text below. Choose from (A-H) the one which best fits each space (17 -
22). There are two choices you do not need to use.

David and Ben had a long journey, over ten kilometres on foot every day, (17) . In
the end, though, this particular distance might be the basis for something unexpected. David
looks set to become another of Kenya’s famous long-distance runners, coming second in the
10,000 metres at the recent Paris games, (18) .
Now, another group of students from the same school has to make the same daily
journey. They have, however, been encouraged by the success of David and Ben, (19) .
For at least one of them, achieving sporting success is only part of the picture. Like David and
 Ben, 17-year-old Moses also faces a ten-kilometre journey to school, and his schedule
would amaze (20) .
His day starts with him preparing his own breakfast at five o’clock, before setting out on
his journey, and he aims to arrive at school by seven o’clock in the morning. Moreover, he has
to deal with hazards most children never experience. Part of the journey takes him through a
forest, (21) . The majority of the way is along muddy roads, with the further
danger of flooded rivers. Occasionally the bridges he needs to cross are under water or even
swept away.
On such days, he stays at home. On a bad day, this might mean going several
kilometres before he even realises he can’t go any further. He then has to go all the way
back. He doesn’t give up, though. He is driven on by his desire to get a good education and
has ambitions to become a doctor one day. According to Moses, (22) . The romantic
idea of the Olympic stars developing their skills on their school journey is misleading.

A while his brother was third in the same

race B in their motherland
C when they were at school in northern Kenya

D many of those used to catching the bus or being driven to the school gates by
parents E where wild animals, some very dangerous, live
F who are always late for school
G there is nothing much good about his journey to
work H but with a difference
 Use of English
Task 5. Read the texts below. For questions (23-32) choose the correct answer (A, B,
C or D).

As a writer, Monica’s large office desk is central to her life. It has been her constant
companion wherever she has lived, and one of the (23) when buying her current
house was having enough space to fit it in; even so, it takes (24) half of her
office. At the moment, it is surrounded by old books either written or set in the 1920s. She is
writing a historical novel, and this is how she finds her (25) for the period. The
walls are covered in art and the rest of the room is full of plants. A big bowl of fruit
(26) she doesn’t have to break off to eat something. The house is so old that the
wind and rain sometimes come in, forcing her into hiding in the basement. This hasn’t been
painted for nearly a century, so she feels quite at home there – at (27) until her
present book is finished.

2 A factors B influences C features D causes

3
2 A out B for C by D up
4
2 A creativity B motivation C inspiration D influence
5
2 A indicates B means C explains D tells
6
2 A least B best C worst D most
7
 The christening over, the procession went back to the castle, past the waiting rows of
bystanders, not one of whom (28) his place or gone away, so superb had been the
spectacle.
The christening banquet (29) in the great hall of the castle, and, thanks to the Court
Astrologer, things went off beautifully. It was the only large banquet ever known in the
history of the world where courses (30) all at one time, and while one person was
finishing an ice, another was not beginning with the soup. Nor was the menu mixed,
which (31) so frequently to-day that you are apt to have soup, ice, cake, roast, soup,
and a roast again. No, from soup to ice the banquet was a huge success; but, (32) ,
disaster came with the strawberry-tart.
……..

28 A changing B change C will change D had changed

29 A was laid B were laid C had been laid D has laid
30 A was serving B were C were serving D was served
served
31 A happen B happening C happens D happened
32 A alas B as C so D how
 PRACTICE TEST №12
Task 1. Read the text below. For questions (1-5) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Pen Hadow – polar explorer
In 2004, Pen Hadow became the first person to trek to the North Pole alone, without
being resupplied on the way. That meant swimming through unimaginably cold waters, fighting
frostbite and risking encounters with polar bears. Just eight months later, he made a similar trip
to the South Pole. Now he is back in the Arctic again, preparing for an expedition he says is
even more ambitious. Explorers are confident, driven individuals. They have to be. This time,
however, there is far more at stake. Pen and two colleagues will set out on a three- month,
1,000-kilometre trek to the North Pole, taking detailed measurements of the thickness and
density of the ice. Nobody has ever done this before, and he knows the results will be of vital
importance to the scientific community. This will be the truest picture yet of what global
warming is doing to the ice that covers the polar region.
Pen is married to Mary, a horsewoman, who says he has a ‘spine of steel’ and who shares
his love of the outdoors. She helps to run his polar guide business and claims to be more
worried about him when he’s at home: ‘He’s in more danger driving along the motorway
because I know that in his head he’s somewhere in the Arctic.’ For fun, she once competed
against him in a famous mountain event in which riders on horseback race against people on
foot. Mary and her horse finished an hour ahead of Pen.
Pen and Mary live in the country with their two children. ‘It’s much harder to be away
from them this time,’ he admits. ‘They were one and five when I last went, and I made a
mistake in the way I said goodbye. I thought it would be a good idea to say to my son, “You’re
the man of the house now, look after your mum and your sister.” He absolutely took it to
heart, asking his mum how she was all the time, but the strain eventually became too much.
While it was well intentioned, it was an unfair thing to do.’ For similar reasons he is planning to
have very little contact with them while in the Arctic. ‘If you call them, you remind them how
far away you are.’
He is spending these last days before departure preparing his kit, obsessively. ‘Out on the
ice, one is virtually incapable of mending things or doing anything that isn’t absolutely
straightforward,’ he says. With him will be Ann Daniels, one of the world’s leading polar
explorers, and the expedition photographer, Martin Hartley. They will be supported by a crew
of six, flying in supplies. Being part of a team is actually more stressful to someone with his
mentality, says Pen, and something else is on his mind too. ‘I’m going to be 47 on Thursday.
I’ve done far less training than I’m comfortable with.’ Why? ‘Organisational things always
seem more urgent. So I’m almost fearful of what I’m going to ask of myself.’
Pen believes his mission reconnects exploration with the search for knowledge that drove
previous generations into the unknown. ‘Making it to the North Pole was ultimately a personal
ambition,’ he admits, ‘and of limited value to anyone beyond the polar adventuring
community. This time, scientists will profit from the data, and we’re creating a platform in
which to engage as many people as possible in what’s happening in the Arctic Ocean. This is
important work, and nobody can do it but us,’ he says. ‘Our skills, which are otherwise bizarre
and socially redundant, have become hyper-relevant. Suddenly, we’re socially useful again.’
 1 In the first paragraph, what do we learn about Pen Hadow’s opinion of the new
expedition? A He feels certain that it will be successful.
B He thinks it may be harder than his previous
journeys. C He is aware of the huge significance of its
aims.
D He is looking forward to the scientific work it will involve.

2 What does Mary Hadow think about her

husband? A He isn’t as determined as she is.
B He can’t run as quickly as he thinks he can.
C He hasn’t got enough time to manage his business properly.
D He finds it hard to think about anything except his expeditions.

3 When talking about leaving his children for long periods, Pen mentions feeling A
ashamed that his wife has had to look after them so much.
B guilty that he once added to the pressure caused by his
absence. C sad that he is missing so much of their growing up.
D sorry that he can’t telephone more often.

4 What does ‘took it to heart’ mean in the third

paragraph? A He memorised his father’s words.
B He carried out his father’s words
precisely. C He started to feel unwell.
D He was afraid of the responsibility.

5 What is worrying Pen about the new

expedition? A whether he will still be fit enough to
take part
B whether he will be mentally prepared
C whether the equipment will work properly in icy
conditions D whether the arrangements he has made will turn
out well
 Task 2. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-H for each part (6-11) of the
article. There are two extra headings which you do not need to use
A. How fragile X syndrome was
E. Research into
discovered
understanding fragile X syndrome
B. The genetic basis of fragile X
F. Reasons for the
syndrome
increase of fragile X syndrome
C. Fragile X syndrome and
G. Other
developmental delays in the brain
conditions related to
D. The comparative frequency of
cognitive development
fragile X syndrome
H. Examples of the
6 symptoms of Fragile X
syndrome
A condition that causes children to dislike being hugged and sometimes reject all
physical affection is closer to being understood following research into the part of the brain
responsible for our senses. Scientists at Northwestern University, Illinois, and the University
of Edinburgh explored fragile X syndrome, a condition associated with hypersensitivity to
sounds, touch, smells and visual stimuli that can result in social withdrawal or anxiety.
Hypersensitivity is a condition in which the person affected responds in an excessive
way to contact with the world around them. Some sufferers are even hypersensitive to material
on their skin.
7
The scientists found that critical phases in the brain's development may be wrongly timed
in people with the condition. This may result in delayed communication between certain
neurons in the brain. By recording electrical signals in the brains of mice, bred to exactly copy
the effects of the condition, the researchers found that connections in the brain's sensory cortex
were late to develop fully. The study, published in the journal Neuron, found that normal
neural connections in the sensory cortex occur much earlier than previously thought: in the first
week of pregnancy in mice, which is equivalent to the middle of the second trimester (or fifth
month) of pregnancy in humans. In fragile X syndrome, the mistiming also has a domino
effect, causing further problems with the correct wiring of the brain. The hope is that by
understanding how and when the functions of the brain are affected in fragile X syndrome, a
therapy may become possible.
8
'There is a "critical period" during development, when the brain is very plastic and is
changing rapidly,' said Anis Contractor, from the Feinberg School of Medicine at
Northwestern University. 'All the elements of this rapid development have to be coordinated so
that the brain becomes wired correctly and therefore functions properly.' People with the
syndrome have cognitive problems as well as sensory problems that make them physically
weaker. 'They have tactile defensiveness,' Dr Contractor said. 'They don't look in people's eyes,
they won't hug their parents, and they are hypersensitive to touch and sound. All of this causes
anxiety for family and friends as well as for the fragile X patients themselves.' Peter Kind, who
led the study at the University of Edinburgh, said: 'We know there are key windows during
which the brain develops, both in the womb and afterwards. The general
 principle is that if these time windows have shifted, then that could explain the cognitive
problems.'
9
Professor Kind said that this could be demonstrated by the fact that a child with a cataract
(a medical condition in which the lens of the eye becomes less and less transparent) that was
not corrected would become permanently blind in the affected eye, whereas an adult would be
able to regain their sight after an operation. 'We've learnt that these changes happen much
earlier than previously thought, which gives valuable insight into when we should begin
therapeutic intervention for people with these conditions,' he said. 'It also has implications for
the treatment of autism since the changes in the brains of people with fragile X syndrome and
autistic people are thought to significantly overlap.' Autism, as many people know, is a
disability that affects how a person communicates with and relates to other people, and how
they make sense of the world.
10
Fragile X syndrome is as common as cystic fibrosis, a genetic disorder that commonly
affects the lungs and causes breathing difficulties, and that affects about 1 in 4,000 males and 1
in 8,000 females worldwide. The Fragile X Society believes that there are many people who
have the fragile X syndrome but have never been diagnosed. It shows up in early infancy and
progressively worsens throughout childhood, causing intellectual disability as well as social,
language and behavioural problems.
11
Fragile X syndrome is caused by a gene mutation on the X chromosome - one of the
two chromosomes that determine the gender or sex of a person. The mutation interferes in the
production of a protein called fragile X mental retardation protein. Fragile X is so-named
because the X chromosome appears broken or kinked. Tim Potter, of the Fragile X Society,
said: 'We welcome any research that helps us understand fragile X and which may open the
way to reversing the effects or preventing them ever happening.'

Task 3. You are going to read an article about the Italian painter Canaletto. For questions
12- 16, choose from sections (A-E).

In which section does the writer

12. suggest why Canaletto’s work was less appreciated in his home city than elsewhere?
13. give examples of how Canaletto tricks the viewer in his pictures?
14. claim that Canaletto’s paintings contain a kind of historical record of Venice?
15. tell us where Canaletto worked on the composition of his pictures?
16. describe different artistic reactions to Venice?
 Canaletto and Venice
A Canaletto’s lifetime subject was the city of Venice. Apart from the works done during
his decade in London, he painted virtually nothing else, and Venice has never been so minutely
and extensively painted by any other artist. His response to Venice was not like the dramatic,
emotional response of a visitor overpowered by the city’s haunting beauty and magic, as the
British painter Turner was later, for example. Canaletto’s paintings, with their love of
incidental detail, betray a deeper-rooted, more lasting attachment – the affection of a native
Venetian.
B Canaletto depicted the city as it really was, documenting the changes in the cityscape
over the years – Piazza San Marco being repaved, palaces being reconstructed, graffiti
appearing and disappearing. Above all, he suffused his painting with the natural light and
atmosphere of Venice which was second nature to him. When he went to London in 1746,
Canaletto could not quite come to terms with painting the cooler tones and the unsympathetic
climate of England, and somehow his paintings of the River Thames always ended up looking
rather like the Grand Canal.
C In spite of his natural affection for Venice, Canaletto’s paintings were rarely bought
by his fellow Venetians. This was probably because the locals did not need reminders of their
city, and also because in Venice ‘view painting’ was not taken very seriously in comparison
with historical and religious painting, or even landscape and figure painting. To become a
‘view painter’ at that time was quite a brave choice and, by the end of his career, Canaletto had
done much to raise the status of the genre. However, his influence was felt more among
painters in England, the home of his major patrons.
D Canaletto’s extraordinarily detailed and accurate scenes were perfect for the foreign
tourists in Venice, who wanted souvenirs or mementoes of their visits. The more accurate the
scene the better, in fact, and Canaletto’s first patron, Owen McSwiney, persuaded him to
change from his earlier picturesque and theatrical style to a more factual one. Instead of loose
brushwork and thick paint, alongside dramatic contrasts of light and shade, Canaletto adopted
more of a snapshot approach, which proved to be very commercial. His colours became
brighter, the paint surface smoother, and the scenes looked more realistic. McSwiney wrote ‘his
excellence lies in painting things which fall immediately under his eye’, as if he worked
directly from nature. At a casual glance, everything in his pictures is instantly recognisable and
looks exactly as it does, or did, in reality, even though, he always painted in his studio.
E In working out the compositions, he used his imagination and a certain artistic licence.
Although he paid the minutest attention to the detail of a decorative carving, a ship’s sails or
washing hanging out, Canaletto felt at liberty to distort and reorganise the main objects in his
paintings in the interest of dramatic effect. He would alter the sweeping curve of the Grand
Canal, for example, or include more in a composition than could be seen from any single
viewpoint. The clutter of traffic on the waterways looks random and natural, but the position of
each boat was carefully worked out to achieve the best effect. In this way, he conveyed the
essence of Venice even if he deceived the eye. The drawings which formed the basis of his
compositions range from rapid sketches of ideas for painting, done on the spot, to large-scale
fully detailed preliminary drawings. Sometimes, he made precise drawings for engravers to
copy, and occasionally he produced them as works of art in their own right, in which case they
were finished in the studio.
 Task 4. Read the text below. Choose from (A-H) the one which best fits each space (17 -
22). There are two choices you do not need to use.
No doubt about it, inline skating is one of the world’s most popular street sports.
Different people call it different things. Rollerblade was the original American skate
manufacturer and that’s why many call it rollerblading. Others shorten this to blading, (17)
.
The very popularity of the sport everywhere has created something of a problem. The
‘Ban all Skaters’ group, (18) , has never been far behind. In some areas it has been
successful in implementing notorious and strict skating prohibitions, such as the closure of
most of London’s parks to skaters. No matter – people will keep on skating wherever they
can.
The difficulty lies in changing the attitude of established local authorities, which are so
often dominated by older people (19) , don’t want anything to do with it, and simply
dismiss the sport as a branch of the current youth culture they can do without.
We know they are wrong. Inline skating is not just about kids (20) . It is a sport
which offers everyone a brilliant way to get up off the couch, whizz around outside, have fun,
get fit, get involved, develop skills and learn team-work.
Kids as young as five or six can learn to skate well. What’s more, with all the right
padding and protection, adults can start to skate safely at an age (21) . And in between
those two extremes skating is no less important as a way for those in their teen years to avoid
the trap of urban boredom, (22) .

A who have no concept of the joy of inline

skating B which is made up of opponents of the
sport
C is most of the players
D while still others prefer inline skating (because the wheels on each skate are in
line) E when they are collecting their pensions
F whose wishes can be
ignored G which there are retired
H which can create problems in contemporary society
 Use of English
Task 5. Read the texts below. For questions (23-32) choose the correct answer (A, B,
C or D).
A medical miracle?
It can reduce your risk of health problems, improve mental capacity and (23) the
country by helping to cut the amount we (24) on health services. Furthermore,
it’s simple to take, works immediately, (25) no harmful ingredients and
there’s no need to (26) it with a doctor before you get some. What is it?
Exercise – the miracle cure we’re continually trying to find, but which we’ve always
had right under our noses. For some reason, we often forget to (27) time for this
particular medicine and our health suffers the consequences.
2 A gain B advance C benefit D advantage
3
2 A invest B spend C pay D use
4
2 A B encloses C covers D involves
5 contains
2 A B speak C discuss D talk
6 consider
2 A prepare B do C make D build
7
 The Prince was (28) with great care; and, as soon as he could speak, they told
him all sorts of dreadful stories about people who had short noses. No one was allowed to
come near him (29) nose did not more or less resemble his own, and the courtiers, to
get into favor with the Queen, took to (30) their babies’ noses several times
every day to make them grow long. But, do what they would, they were nothing by
comparison with the (31) .
When he (32) sensible he learned history; and whenever any great prince or
beautiful princess was spoken of, his teachers took care to tell him that they had long noses.

2 A brought in B brought up C brought out D brought

8 down
2 A who B who’s C whose D which
9
3 A pulling B pull C pulls D pulled
0
3 A Prince B Princcs’s C Prince’ D Prince’s
1
3 A grows B grew C grown D grow
2
 PRACTICE TEST №13
Task 1
Read the text below. For assignments (1-5) choose the correct answer (A, B, C, D).
THE POET
William waited patiently in the slow-moving queue. A big man, with large muscles on his arms and a face
full of scars from the amateur boxing competitions he liked to enter, William was the type of man that you
couldn't help noticing. He spoke with a lower-class accent and, when with his friends, loved to use Cockney
thyming slang - a way of speaking that had developed among the working classes in one of London's poorest
districts. This would often mislead strangers into thinking that William was an uneducated man. But the truth was
very different.
A graduate of London's best law school, William as regarded by many in his field as one of the best lawyers
ni London - a reputation that had taken him just ten years ot build. Peoplejoked that he was a lawyer who was as
tough in the courtroom as he was ni the boxing ring. His knowledge and skills were considered so good that other
lawyers, as well as clients, would beat down a path to his door to get his advice.
Because of all this, few people would have guessed that William loved ot write poetry ni his spare time.
William's passion for this hobby had begun when, one day ni a bookshop, he had come across a smal book
of poems that had mistakenlybeen put in the law section. Reading it, William rememberedadmiring howthe author
had expressed so much with just a few carefully selected words and then finding himself wondering if he himself
could develop a similar talent.
From childhood, William had always thrown himself into things. So he had soon read the major works of all
the great British poets and become familiar with many of Europe's most famous poets, too. He had a particular
admiration for Shakespeare and the German poet Goethe, but his favourite poet was the Irish W. B. Yeats - the
man that he had been named after, hismother proudly remindedhim.
So, almost from the day that he had first been inspired, William had begun writing poems of his own. He
didn't know if he had any real talent, but he did know that the words flowed both easily and quickly from his pen.
He enjoyed putting words together ni a way that suggested different meanings - partly because this was exactly the
opposite of what he was required to do as a lawyer.
He had no name for the collection of poems that he had written and collected over the years. He simply
referred to them all as 'The Book'. The name, of course, clearly revealed his subconscious desire that his poems
would one day be published. But he had neither the confidence, nor the desire to read a bad review if the critics did
not like his work.
William's wife would often remind him, in that gentle way of hers, that he as old enough now not to care
what others thought of him or to avoid doing something simply because he thought he might fail. It was these
words that were running through William's mind whenthe conversation of the two women in front of him moved
from small talk to work. 'So,' he heard the younger one say to her friend, 'How exactly is your search for new
writing talent going?'
1 People often thought William was uneducated because . . .
A of the job he did
B of the way he spoke
C of the friends he had
D ofthe areah e lived in.
2. When the writer says that people 'would beat down a path to his door' it means that they
A knew that it wasn't easy to get advice from William.
B found it difficult toget an appointment with William.
C were very eager toget William's opinions on things.
D knew that William liked people who were tough like him.
3 William appreciated the poetry in the library because. . .
A it reminded him ofa forgotten passion.
B his own poetrywas similar.
C he liked what the poet had achieved.
D it gave him a break from studying law.
4. William read the works of all the great poets because . . ..
A he was a man who did things with a lot ofenergy.
B he had wanted to since he was a child.
C his mother had encouraged him to.
D he wanted to discover who his favourite poet was.
5. William enjoyed writing poems because
A of histalent for it.
B of the variety it added to his life.
 C of the new meaning it gave his life.
D of the new challenge it offered.
Task 2
Read the text below. Match choices (A-G) to (6-10). There are two choices you do not need to use.
MEETING BY CHANCE
6___________
Noel Coward wrote a famous play in the 1950s called 'BriefEncounter". It tells of a couple whofell in love
when they kept meeting in the waiting room of a railway station during wartime. For many people, a railway
station or train must seem the most unromantic of places and yet there are plenty of examples of meeting by
chance on trains or stations and falling in love.
7___________
David, ak e e n football fan, was a person who found romance on the train. Twenty years ago he was
travelling to work every day on a train from Liverpool. He usually found himself sitting opposite a young woman
called Lora. They would often talk to each other and then, after about five or six months, they decided to go out
together one evening. David was to decide where to go but Lora told him to keep the destination a secret - they
went to see a football match.
8___________
'Lora had never been to a football match in her life', said David, 'but our relationship took off from there.
The problem came when I was offered a full-time job - as a football reporter - ni Australia. Fortunately, Lora
followed me, we got married and have been together now for over twenty years.'
9___________
Another example of a couple being brought together by the railways is Jack and Debbie. Jack was in the
army during the Second World War and would sometimes have to wait for a connecting train at the station in
Newcastle where Debbie lived.
If he could let Debbie know that he would be on the station, she would come and meet him there and they
would be able to spend a little time together.
10___________
'Our romance nearly finished very early,' said Jack. 'On one of the first occasions we met, we walked out of
the station and lost track of time. When we got back, the last train had gone and I had to take Debbie home. It was
very late when we got there and her father was so angry that it seemed our friendship would be finished before it
had really begun. Fortunately, Debbie managed to convince her father that I was not so bad and we went on to
have many happy years together.'

A The romance was not ended by a problem early in the relationship

B A man feeling very tired got on a crowded train
C Taking a job overseas failed to end the relationship
D Being in a bad mood for talking to other people in a train
E Brief meeting during changing trains at the station
F Travelling on the same train before they went out together
G One would not normally expect people fall in love on trains or stations

Task 3
Read the text below. Match choices (A-H) to (11-16). There are two choices you do not need to use.
PUBLIC HOLIDAYS IN GREAT BRITAIN
There are only six public holidays a year in Great Britain, that is, the days on which people need not go to
work. They are: Christmas Day, Boxing Day, Good Friday, Easter Monday, Spring Bank Holiday and Late
Summer Bank Holiday. Most of these holidays are ofreligious origin. Al the public holidays, except Christmas
Day and Boxing Day, are movable, they do not fall on the same day each year.
11___________
Christmas Day is observed on the 25th of December. On Christmas Eve there is a great air of expectation
in British homes. Children decorate the fir-tree with tinsel, coloured lights and toys. The houses are decorated with
holly and a bunch of mistletoe. The Christmas bird, nowadays usually a turkey, is cooked and stuffed \then
followed by Christmas pudding, which is made with dried fruit and brandy. Sometimes a coin is put ni the pudding
as a surprise.
12___________
Boxing Day si celebrated on the 2 6 of December and this is the time to visit friends and relatives or to be a
spectator at one of the many sporting events. There are two explanations for the origin of this holiday. One is that
it was the day on which landowners would present their servants with gifts in boxes, another is that it was the day
on which the collecting boxes in churches were opened and the contents distributed tothe poor.
13___________
 Easter is also a timewhen certain old traditions are observed. It is the time of giving presents, and the British
celebrate the idea of new birth by giving each other chocolate Easter eggs which are opened and eaten on Easter
Sunday. Easter involves a four-day "weekend" starting from Good Friday. Good Friday is the name of the day
commemorating Christ's crucifixion. On Good Friday bakers sell hot cross buns, which aretoasted and eaten with
butter.
14___________
Easter Monday is celebrated on the day after Easter Sunday. It is a public holiday and manypeople travel to
the seaside for the day or go and watch such sporting events as football or horse-racing.
15___________
Spring Bank Holiday is celebrated on the last Monday in May. There used to be a holiday on "Whit
Monday" celebrating the Christian feast of Pentecost. Because this is seven weeks after Easter, the date varied.
This fixed holiday has replaced it.
16___________
Late Summer Bank Holiday si celebrated on the last Monday ni August. the country and to the coast. Ifthe
weather is fine, many families take a picnic-lunch ortea with them and enjoy their meal in the open air. It isalso an
occasion for big sports meetings.

What holiday is celebrated

A on the 26th of December ?
B twice a year?
C two days before Easter Sunday?
D on the last Monday in August?
E on the 25th of December?
F on the day after Easter Sunday?
G on the 31" ofDecember?
H on the last Monday in May?

Task4
Read the text below. Choose from (A-H) the one which best fits each space (17-22). There are two
choices you do not need to use.
ASPIRIN
A biter powder from the bark of wilow tree was first used yb Hippocrates ni hte 5ht century B.C.,
(17)________ and pains. Many centuries later, Felix Hofman, an industrial chemist, synthesized hte substance
salicylic acid, and ni 1893 he developed a commercial process for its production. nI 1897, Hofmans' superiors at
Bayer and Company named this product Aspirin. Now, about 20 billion tablets of aspirin (18) _______ in B r i t a
i n each year.
'Aspirin works by reducing the body's production of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are enzymes that
influence the rate and direction of a chemical reaction. In trying to protect the body when cells have been
damaged, prostaglandins trigger fever (by acting on brain centres) and swelling, prevent blood vessel dilation and
(19) _______ of pain receptors.
Taking aspirin (20) _______ many of the effects of prostaglandins. It (21) _______ temporary headache and
arthritis. It is also effective in the treatment of fever and inflammation, and is known to (22) _______ strokes and
heart attacks.
A circulatory system
B can relieve
C to treat aches
D chemical reaction
E increaset h esensitivity
F search for
G is used for
H reduce the risk of

Task 5
Read and complete the text below. For each of the empty space (23-32) choose the correct answer (A,
B, C or D).
OXFORD
Some people say that Oxford is the most attractive city in England. Whether this is (23)__________ or not.
it is certainly worth a visit. It is also ideal for a day (24) __________ from London, as there are regular trains and
buses at fifteen-minute (25) __________ You should (26) __________ which only take about an hour to get there.
plenty oftime to visit Oxford's unique and varied range of historic attractions.What is probably of most
(27)__________ to the visitor is the famous University with its different colleges. You can (28)
__________several of these elegant historic buildings in a day, as the majority of them are (29) __________
walking distance ofone another. Many of the oldest and most remarkablecolleges are certainly (30)__________and
most are open to visitors in the afternoon. It is a good idea to check before visiting, (31) __________ as opening
days and times vary.
The two rivers that (32) __________ through the city are another major attraction for residents and tourists
alike.
Both the Thames and the Cherwell rivers are lined with lush green vegetation, and a stroll along their banks
or a leisurely boat ride is the perfect way to round off a day of sightseeing.

23 A real B genuine C honest D true

24 A trip B travel C journey D voyage
25 A gaps B breaks C intervals D spaces
26 A allow B permit C agree D let
27 A attention B notice C interest D curiosity
28 A look around B see through C find out D check up
29 A inside B under C within D beneath
30 A placed B located C addressed D positioned
31 A yet B despite C however D although
32 A f l o w B m o v e C pour D lead
 PRACTICE TEST №14
Task 1
Read the text below. For assignments (1-5) choose the correct answer (A, B, C, D).
EUTHANASIA
The word euthanasia is of Greek origin and literally means 'a good death.' The American Heritage
Dictionary defines it as 'the actof killing a person painlessly for reasons of mercy.' Such killing can be done
through active means, such as administering a lethal injection, or by passive means, such as withholding medical
care or food and water.
In recent years in the United States, there have been numerous cases of active euthanasia in the news. They
usually involve the deliberate killing ofill or incapacitated persons by relatives or friends who plead that they can
no longer bear to see their loved ones suffer. Although such killings are a crime, the perpetrators are often dealt
with leniently by the legal system, and the media portrays them as compassionate heroes who take personal risks
to save another from unbearable suffering.
The seeming acceptance ofactive forms of euthanasia is alarming, but we face a bigger, more insidious
threat from passive forms of euthanasia. Every year, in hospitals and nursing homes around the country, there are
growingnumbers of documented deaths caused by caregivers withholding life-sustaining care, including food and
water, from vulnerable patients who cannot speak for themselves.
While it is illegal to kill someone directly, for example with a gun or knife, in many cases the law has put its
stamp ofapproval on causing death by omitting needed care. Further, many states have 'living will' laws designed
to protect those who withhold treatment, and there have been numerous court rulings which have approved of
patients being denied care and even starved and dehydrated to death.
Because such deaths occur quietly within the confines of hospitals and nursing homes, they can be kept
hidden from the public. Most euthanasia victims are old or very ill, so their deaths might be attributed to a
cause other than the denial ofcare that really killed them. Further, it is often relatives of the patient who request
that care be withheld. In one court case, the court held that decisions to withhold life-sustaining care may be made
not only by close family members but also by a number of third parties, and that such decisions need not be
reviewed by the judicial system fi there is no disagreement between decision makers and medical staff. The court
went so far as to rule that a nursing home may not refuse to participate ni the fatal withdrawal of food and water
from an incompetent patient!
'Extraordinary' or 'heroic' treatment need not be used when the chance for recovery is poor and medical
intervention would serve only to prolong the dying process. But to deny customary and reasonable care or to
deliberately starve or dehydrate someone because he or she is very old or very ill should not be permitted. Most of
the cases coming before the courts donot involve withholding heroic measures from imminently dying people, but
they seek approval for denying basic care, such as administration of food and water, to people who are not
elderly
or terminally ill, but who are permanently incapacitated. These people could be expected to live indefinitely,
though in an impaired state, if they were given food and waterand minimal treatment.
No one has the right to judge that another's life is not worth living. The basic right to life should not be
abridged because someone decides that someone else's quality of life is too low. If we base the right to life on
quality oflife standards, there is no logical place to draw the line.
So, we must foster more positive attitudes towards people with serious and incapacitating illnesses and
conditions. Despite the ravages of their diseases, they are still our fellow with serious and incapacitating illnesses
human beings and deserve o u rcare and respect.

1. The term euthanasia means ...

A new medicine from cancer. B an injection administration
C an act of painlesskilling carried out for reasons of mercy
D a request that care be withheld
2. In many cases of euthanasia the US legal system ..
A is supportive and approving of euthanasia
B disapproves the cases of euthanasia
C considers the cases ofeuthanasia to be a crime
D does not support euthanasia
3. Deaths of euthanasia victims can be attributed tocauses otherthan the denial of carebecause they
are...
A of elderly age or very ill
B permanently incapacitated
C terminally ill
D in an impaired state
 4. Most of the cases coming before the courts ...
A involve withholding measures from dying people
B seek approval for denying customary and reasonable care
C protect people from those who consider their lives meaningless
D judge that another's life isnot worth living
.5 To protect vulnerable patients we must .
A deny basic care
B foster more positive attitudes towards them
C withhold treatment and life-sustaining care such as food and water
D prolong the dying process

Task 2
Read the text below. Match choices (A-G) to (6-10). There are two choices you do not need to use.
THE MOST DIFFICULT LANGUAGE IN THE WORLD
(6)___________
People often ask which the most difficult language to learn is, and it is not easy to answer because there are
many factors to take into consideration. Firstly, in a first language the differences are unimportant as people learn
their mother tongue naturally, so the question of how hard a language is to learn is only relevant when learning a
second language.
(7) __________
A native speaker of Spanish, for example, will find Portuguese much easier to learn than a native speaker of
Chinese, because Portuguese is very similar ot Spanish, while Chinese si very different, so the first language
canaffect learning the second language. The greater the differences between the second language and our first one,
the harder it will be for most people to learn. Many people answer that Chinese is the hardest language to learn,
possibly influenced by the thought of learning the Chinese writing system, and the pronunciation of Chinese does
appearto be very difficult for many foreign learners. However, for Japanese speakers, who already use Chinese
characters in their own language, learning writing will be less difficult than for speakers of languages using the
Roman alphabet.
(8) __________
Some people seem to lear languages readily, while others find it very difficult. Teachers and the
circumstances in which the language is leart also play an important role, as well as each learner's motivation for
learning. If people learn a language because they need to use it professionally, they often learn ti faster than people
studying a language that has no direct use in their everyday life.
(9) __________
Apparently, British diplomats and other embassy staff have found that the second hardest language is
Japanese, which wil probably come as no surprise ot many, but the language that they have found to be the most
problematic is Hungarian, which has 35 cases of a noun. This does not mean that Hungarian is the hardest
language to learn for everyone, but ti causes British diplomatic personnel, who are generally usedt o
learning languages, the most difficulty. In the case of Hungarian for British learners, ti is not a question of the
writing system, which uses a similar alphabet, but the grammatical complexity.
(10) __________
Different culturesand individuals from thosecultures will find different languages more difficult. No
language is easy to learn well, though languages which are related to our first language are easier. Learning a
completely different wniting system is a huge challenge, but that does not necessarily make a language more
difficult than, another one. In the end, it is impossible to say what language is the most difficult language inthe
world.
A It is important to learn foreign languages
B Hungarian causes a lot of difficulties in learning
C People learn their mother tongue naturally
D No language is easy to learn well
E The first language can affect learning the second language
F Learner's motivation for learning plays an important role
G Portuguese is definitely easier than Chinese

Task 3
Read the text below. Match choices (A-H)t o (11-16). There are two choices you do not need to use.
TRAVELLING ACROSS UKRAINE
Travelling across Ukraine one can have an excellent opportunity to learn its history and culture, to see its
ancient monuments and picturesque views Ukraine has always been famous for. There are many places worth
sightseeing on the territory of Ukraine because ofits ancient history.
 11__________
A historic place is Zaporizhzhia where Cossack movement began in the 15th century. Nearby is the famous
700-year-old oak tree - 36 metres high.
12__________
Odesa, a regional centre and seaport, has seven theatres, a philarmonic orchestra, the Opera and Ballet
House, a well-known theatre and one of the most beautiful buildings in Ukraine. Odesa referred to as the «Pearl of
the Black Sea» is the largest city along the Black Sea shore.
13__________
The old town of Kaniv is situated on the high right bank ofthe Dnipro River. This town is world-known for
its Tarasova Hora. Taras Shevchenko, thegreat Ukrainian poet, artist and philosopher is buried here.
14__________
Chernihiv is one of the oldest towns in our country. There are five out of twenty-five architectural
landmarks of the 11th - 12th centuries preserved ni Chernihiv. It was one of the most important centres of Kyiv
Rus.
15__________
Another place in Ukraine which attracts a lot of visitors is Uman. It is famous for its dendrological park-
reserve Sophiyivka. This park was set up in the period of 1796-1801 by Count Pototsky for his wife, Sophia, and
was called after her name. Thepark in one of themost outstandingmonuments of garden architecturein Ukraine.
16__________
Lviv,abeautiful city ni the west of Ukraine, was founded by Prince Danylo Halytsky. Historically, it is first
mentioned in 1256. Today Lviv is densely built up with tall stone buildings, many of them i ntheir original style.
Its core si hte city of hte 14th - 18th centuries. Well-known Ukrainian and Polish residents of Lviv were buried ni
Lychakiv Cemetery. The oldest Lviv's monument is S.t Nicholas's Church, which foundation and walls were
built by Prince Danylo ni the 13th century. The remnants of Vysoky Zamok date back to the 13th century. Lviv is
the only city in Ukraine that still has some original Renaissance architecture.

What places are worth sightseeing on the territory of Ukraine?

A one of the most important centres of Kyiv Rus
B the place where Taras Shevchenko is buried
C an ensemble ofbuildings in the style of Ukrainian baroque
D the largest city along the Black Sea shore
E the main entrance to the city and a fortress
F the place famous forits dendrological park-reserve Sophiyivka
G the city with some original Renaissance architecture
H the place where Cossack movement began in the 15th century

Task 4
Read the text below. Choose from (A-H) the one which best fits each space (17-22). There are two
choices you do not need to use.
A WONDERFUL GAME OF CHESS
You are all familiar with the wonderful game of chess. But (17) __________ to think where it came from
and when? Well, we believe the game (18) __________ before AD 600 and was first played in either Afghanistan
or what is now northern India. The oldest written references that we have to chess date from then, but there are
claims that chess (19) __________ this. We think, the version played by Europeans and Americans today travelled
through Iran to the main commercial centres of Europe by the year. 1000. The game was then taken to Scandinavia
(20) __________ so by the 1400s chess was played throughout Europe. There are quite a few variations to the
game found in other parts of the world. For instance, one variation called Shogi is played ni Japan. Another
variation is played in China. One person whose name (21)__________ is the chess master Howard Staunton.
Staunton lived in England in the mid 1800s and gave his name to the chess pieces that are still used in
competitions all over the world today and are, in fact, synonymous with the game. Other shapes and sizes exist,
but these are by far the most common. Interestingly enough, however, the idea of chess competitions is relatively
recent when we consider how long (22) __________ . The first championship was played in 1866 in London and
was won by a man from Bohemia called Steinitz. He was, in effect, the world's first official champion and he held
the title until 1894 when he was beaten by a German called Emanuel Laker, who ni turn lost the title ni 1921 to a
Cuban called Capablanca. Many people today consider Capablanca as one of the top three players ever to live. His
game influenced many who followedhim and keen professional players today still studyhis game.
A dates back to
B by the sea-faring Vikings
C have you ever stopped
D was received with great interest
 E existed earlier than
F were up until then accepted
G stands out in the history ofchess
H the game has been in existence

Task 5
Read and complete the text below. For each of the empty space (23-32) choose the correct answer (A,
B, C or D).
GARDENING IN THE CITY
Even if you livein the heart of the city, there's no reason why you shouldn't (23)________ up gardening. We
can't all afford a large garden, but we can all create a space where we can follow the seasons. Whether it's a
window box, abalcony or a tiny yard, anyone can have the pleasureof looking (24) ________
A window box is a small box of plants that literally sits outside your window. Ere, the choice of plants is
what counts. You want a splash o fcolour all year (25) ________ of hte year. Dafodils, forexample,are
beautifulspring flowersandwillsoonhave youlookingforwardot summer. Their bright colours will also attract
butterflies, bringing a touch of life.
If you've got a balcony, you've got a little more freedom. Inthis case, the key is to (26) ________ m a x i m
u m use ofthe space you've got available. Puttallerplants against thewall of the house, with shorter plants and
flowers along the (27________) of the balcony. You can also add a water feature; a small fountain creates interest
and can havea coolingeffecton a hot summer's day. If your neighbours' balcony si next to yours, why not use a
fast- growing plant like wisteria to form a natural barrier, giving you more privacy?
Those of you who are lucky enough to have a small yard can really go to town. Think about how you're
going to use it. Do you want to be able to sit and enjoy the sun? Or do you want to be (28) ________ to entertain
friends and have a barbecue? Divide the yard into separate areas and plan each one carefully. Garden furniture is
very important. A table that folds in half can give you a lot offlexibility, and chairs that fold away also allow you
to change your garden to (29) ________ your mood. As (30) ________ as plants are (31) ________, choose
varieties that don't mind a bit of shade, unless your yard gets a lot ofsun. Yards often have walls that keep the sun
out for long periods and you don't want your careful plans (32 ) ________ because a few of your plants start to die.

23 A take B set C put D make

24 A on B up C after D down
25 A round B over C along D across
26 A get B make C have D do
27 A edge B boundary C rim D frame
28 A capable B possible C able D probable
29 A fit B suit C copy D go
30 A much B long C few D far
31 A concerned B referred C discovered D realized
32 A spoiled B mixed C missed D corrupted
 PRACTICE TEST №15
Task 1
Read the text below. For assignments (1-5) choose the correct answer (A, B, C, D).
ENGLISH COUNTRY GARDENS
As well as being the most visited gardens in Britain, the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew are also a world
renowned botanical research centre and a place of training for professional gardeners. The massive 300-acre site
has three huge glasshouses containing an astonishingly rich variety of plants.
Many of the buildings at Kew Gardens are as interesting as the plants. There is a large Chinese pagoda built
in 1762 and a model of a Japanese temple. Also of interest are the Palm House, a beautiful Victorian iron and glass
building, and the Temperate House, which is the largest Victorian glass structure in the world. And let's not forget
Kew's library which has one of the largest botanical collections ni the world including books, drawings and
photographs.
The Eden Project is a large-scale environmental project set up to show the close relationship between people
and plants. It also aims to educate people about the need to protect the earth to ensure humanity's survival.Visitors
enter the site along a winding path that takes them through a variety of gardens to the two plastic domed structures
called biomes. The biomes reproduce the climate conditions of tropical and Mediterranean regions, allowing
visitors to see a wide range of plants from these areas. As it is an environmental project, most waste and water is
recycled and power is provided by local wind farms.
Compton Acres, which overlook Poole Harbour, consist of ten separate areas, each of which shows a
different garden style from around the world. The paths and terraces separating the gardens are designed so that
only one garden can be experienced at a time. The gardens include a Roman Garden, an Italian Garden and an
Indian Garden and the Japanese Garden is said to be the only genuine Japanese Garden in Europe. In order to fully
appreciate the gardens, visitors are able to rent acassette audiotourwhich provides them with information about the
history of the gardens as they walk around them. There are also tea rooms, restaurants and an ice cream parlour.
Set in a huge park, Chatsworth House is one of the most popular country houses ni Britain. Its fabulous
gardens were gradually shaped over a period of six centuries. There is a cottage garden and a kitchen garden
growing vegetables as well as a garden containing many fragrant plants which was specially designed to be fully
accessible to disabled visitors. There are also a number of fountains. These include the Willow Tree Fountain,
which looks like a real tree and sprays water at visitors when they aren't expecting it. There is also the Emperor
Fountain, which has a water jet that reaches up to 200 feet in height. The power generated by this fountain is used
to supply some of the electricity for the house.
The poet and gardening writer Vita Sackville West and her husband bought the ruins of the Elizabethan
manor house, the Sissinghurst Castle, in the 1930s. They then began torestore the buildingsand ultimately created
one of the most impressive gardens ni Britain. While her husband designed the layout of the gardens, Vita chose
the plants. The SissinghurstCastle Garden is designed as a series of 'rooms' separated by high hedges and pink
brick walls. Each 'room' represents a different theme or colour scheme. The gardens are now owned and
maintained by the National Trust, an organisation that protects special places in Britain.
1. The Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew are well-known for.
A an u m b e r o f fountains
B the impressive architecture
C a large collection of fragrant plants
D kitchen gardens growing vegetables
2. The place which uses the alternative energy sources is ...
A the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew.
B the Sissinghurst Castle Garden.
C the Eden Project.
D Chatsworth House.
3. Plastic domed structures which reproduce the climate conditions of tropical region are called ...
A temples
B manor houses
C biomes
D acres.
4. Chatsworth House was developed. . .
A over a very long period of time.
B in the 1930s.
C two centuries ago.
D over a short period of time.
5. The place which hasgardens planned by their owners is . . .
A t h eRoyal Botanic Gardens at Kew.
 B the Sissinghurst Castle Garden.
C the Eden Proiect.
D Chatsworth House.

Task 2
Read the text below. Match choices (A-G) to (6-10). There are two choices you do not need to use.
THE LEGEND OF SLEEPY HOLLOW
6___________
The valley known as Sleepy Hollow hides from the world in the high hills of New York State. A small river
runs its clear water through thevalley, and the only sounds ever heard are those of alost bird looking for its home in
the hills.
7___________
There are many stories told about the quiet valley, but the story that people believe most is about a man who
rides a horse at night. The story says the man died many years ago during theAmerican Revolutionary War. His
mhead was shot off. And every night he rises from his burial place, jumps on his horse, and rides through the
valley looking for his lost head.
8___________
Near Sleepy Hollow is a village called Tarry Town. It was settled many years ago by people from Holland.
The village had a small school and one teacher named Ichabod Crane. Ichabod Crane was a good name for him
because he looked like a crane. He was tall and thin like a crane bird. His shoulders were small, joined to long
arms. His head was small, too, and flat on top. He had big ears, large glassy green eyes, and a long nose.
Ichabod did not make much money as a teacher. He was tall and thin, it is true, but he ate like a fat man. To
help him pay for his food, he earned extra money teaching young people to sing. Every Sunday after church
Ichabod taught singing.
9___________
Among the ladies Ichabod taught was one, Katrina Van Tassel. She was the only daughter of a rich Dutch
farmer. She was a girl in bloom much like a round rosy-red apple. Ichabod had a soft and foolish heart for the
ladies, and soon found himself interested in Miss Van Tassel.
10___________
Ichabod's eyes opened wide when he saw the riches of Katrina's farm- the miles ofapple trees and wheat
fields and hundreds of fat farm animals. He saw himself as master of the Van Tassel farm, with Katrina as his
wife.
A A new settlement in Iowa state.
B Stories about thequiet valley
C Ichabod Crane's appearance
D Miss Van Tassel, the only daughter of a Dutch farmer
E Ichabod Crane's at Work
F The riches o f Katrina's farm
G The valley in the high hills of New York State

Task3
Read the text below. Match choices (A-H) to (11-16). There are two choices you do not need to use.
RECYCLING
In the 21st century the ecological problems have become especially actual and painful. Our cities and towns
suffer from a huge amount of waste of different kinds. Cans, bottles and paper don't makethe place we live in
attractive. Besides, the waste also pollutes the soil. The best solution of this problem is recycling, which means
collecting waste or used materials and reusing them to produce new products. The items that are typically recycled
are glass and plastic bottles, aluminium cans, paper and things made of wood and plastic, etc.
11____________
So, we recycle many different materials now. One which we are al familiar with is paper. To save energy,
trees and all the animals that depend on the trees it is imperative that recycled paper become the norm of our life.
Placing the paper in the recycle bin helps re-create paper from existing resources. This diverts the waste meant for
landfills into usable products which uses less energy, water and material to produce.
12____________
Metals can be recycled without losing any their key properties. Copper, nickel, brass, lead, gold, silver, etc.
can all be recycled. Since these metals are all quite valuable only a smaller quantity is in circulation. The recovery
of these metals is sometimes ignored especially when they are used in households and these items are disposed of
by the householders. Recycling aluminum can reap great benefits thus, reducing monetary as well as
environmental costs. To make cans from recovered aluminum, for example, requires 10% ofthe energy needed to
make them from virgin ore. Steel recycling, especially from cars and trucks but also from food cans, is very
economically as well as environmentally advantageous.
13____________
Plastic recycling si key ni reducing waste. Recycled plastic can be used ni many applications and products,
such as packaging, construction or automobile components. Plastic film from sources such as pallet wrap, carrier
bags, and agricultural film are made into new film products such as bin liners, carrier bags andrefuse sacks on a
largescale. Use of recycled plastic helps demonstrate a brand image towards commitment to sustainable resource
use.
14____________
Man has found ways to recycle glass. This in fact, is highly recommended and beneficial to the
manufacturing line as ti is easierto produce and cost less. Crushed glass known as cullets, melts easier and faster
and cost less than the raw materials used to produce glass. This practice is endorsed by the US Environmental
Protection Agency as a better and greener way to produce glass. Recycled glass is widely used for various
purposes, among them construction.
15____________
We are al familiar with recycling newspapers, aluminum cans, glass and plastic bottles, but many of us are
not even aware of the effortscarried out by giant petroleum industry to promote used motor oil for recycling, for
example, providing convenient collection sites forthe purpose of keeping used motor oil out of our water supplies
and making sure that the oil goes back into the recycling cycle. Oddlyenough, even afterit has been drained from
an engine, motor oil retains some of its value. The oil colected can be recycled ot save energy. Many institutions,
schools or plants process the used oil for electricity generation. Some plants even process ti ot be used for engine
oil again.
16____________
It is necessary to recycle rubber as it increases landfill pollution. It is used all around the globe ni many
things, most importantlythe tires of vehicles. The rubber takesa very long time to decompose and when ti is burnt,
poisonous and carcinogenic gases are released increasing the pollution. So rubber is recycled in industries to assist
the economy and it also saves energy recycled rubber has many uses. In addition to tires, it is also remade into
roofing material, floor mats, garden hoses, and shoe soles, among otheruses.
Thus, the development of modern technologies and equipment allows recycling the waste and produce new
goods which are necessary for people. Recycling also helps to save energy and important resources and reduce the
amount of rubbish. Recycling is important in today's world fi we want to leave this planet for our future
generations.
What materials can be recycled?
A rubber isrecycled in industries
B the oil collected can be reevcled 1
C recycling should start from home
D recycled paper should become the norm of our life
E recycled glass is widely used for various purposes
F we do not think of recycling as a norm of life
G recycling aluminum can have great benefits
H recycled plastic can be used in many applications

Task 4
Read the text below. Choose from (A-H) the one which best fits each space (17-22). There are two
choices vou do not need to use.
THE RUGBY GAME
A new form of football originated in England during the 19th century, (17) ____________ the place where
it was supposedly invented: Rugby School. In the early 1800s, football was played throughout England (and in
many other countries too) but there were no standard rules, and ni (18) ____________ the ball could be caught as
well as kicked. However, running with hte bal was largely outlawed. Legend has ti that ni 1823, a student at Rugby
School (19) ____________ picked up the ball during a football match and ran with it towards the opposing goal
line. This illegal action caused a permanent change ni the rules of the game, or so the story goes, and from that day
onwards, Rugby School played (20) ____________ which became known as Rugby Football. (The more familiar
kind of football isofficially known as Association Football to distinguish ti from Rugby Football). To this day,
there is an inscription at RugbySchool celebrating William Webb Ellis and his actions, and although the historical
truth of the events is (21) ____________ the story endures. The plaque reads: 'This stone commemorates the
exploit of William Webb Ellis who with (22) ____________ as played in his time first took the ball in his arms
and ran with it thus originating the distinctive feature of the Rugby game.'
A most versions ofthe game
B its o w nversion of football
C taking its name from
 D official known as
E called William Webb Ellis
F search for
G highly questionable
H a fine disregard for the rules offootball

Task 5
Read and complete the text below. For each of the empty space (23-32) choose the correct answer (A.,
B, C or D).
MODERN TECHNOLOGY
Modern technology is changing and improving all the time. Every month, scientists (23)__________ n e w
gadgets and (24) __________ help us with our daily lives, and (25) __________ ways to make existing technology
faster and better. Our homes are full ofhardware, such as DVD playersand computers and (26) __________ such
as computer games and MP3s. (27) __________ suggests, however, that it's young people who are best able to
deal with this change. Whereas teenagers have no problem (28) __________ a DVD player, their mums and dads
and grandparents often find using new technology (29) __________ and difficult. But if you are a teenager who
criticizes your parents for their (30) __________ of technological awareness, don't be too hard on them! Sometime
(31) __________ the future, when you've got children of your own, your ability to deal with new technology will
probably (32) __________. And your children will feel more comfortable with new technology then you do. You
won't want them to criticize you, will you?

23 A estimate B invent C involve D experiment

24 A experiments B effects C laboratories D equipment
25 A involve B discover C decrease D connect
26 A screens B gadgets C software D laptops
27 A Research B Experiment' C Program D Technology
28 A involving B operating C discovering D inventing
29 A automatic B unique C sudden D complicated
30 A research B experiment C effect D lack
31 A to B in C on D at
32 A decrease B involve C lack D estimate