IOT BASED SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEM

USING NODEMCU ESP8266

Project Supervisor : P. SIVA DEEPTHI
Team Members :
18AT5A0210 MANGALI HARITHA
17AT1A0220 YELISETTY KAVYA
17AT1A0225 AVVARU KRISHNA SAHITHI
17AT1A0222 GONGATI KEERHTI
17AT1A0249 S SAFIYYAH TAHSEEN

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

G PULLAIAH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous Institute affiliated to JNTUA, Ananthapuram)
 ABSTRACT

• In our country agriculture is the primary occupation. Farmers use

the traditional methods for irrigation,which makes the process slow.
In order to overcome this problem we are going for IOT based
smart irrigation system. Using IOT we can get the information of
our fields located at different places. Our project uses SENSORS
which are fixed at different points in the fields.

• These sensors collect the data and send it to user using

wireless protocol. This system consists of water level sensors,
moisture level sensors, DC motor. When system is ON, the sensors
senses the water level and moisture level in soil and send it’s
feedback to the user via SMS alert on phone. On receiving the
information user can give commands from any place and we can
monitor it remotely.
 COMPONENTS

Hard ware components: : Software components required:

1.DC motor pump 1. Arduino IDE
2.Node MCU ESP8266 2. EMBEDDED C
3.LCD
4.PCB
5.5V 1-Ch relay
6.Resistors
7.BC-547
8.Jumper wires
9.Buzzer
10.Soil moisture sensor
11.I2C Module

3
 PROPOSED SYSTEM

• This paper proposes a IOT based Smart Irrigation System using Node
MCU ESP8266 which is a combination of hardware and software
that provides irrigation control.

• It provides uniform and required level of water for the agricultural

farm and avoids water wastage.

• The information from different sensors are sent to the base

stations which checks the condition for irrigation and performs
automatic irrigation.

• Advantage of this system is, it operates under both manual and

automation techniques.
BLOCK DIAGRAM

Mobile App/
Blynk App

5
 INTRODUCTION

• In irrigation process , watering fields is done manually. Sometimes it

becomes difficult to perform manually.
• Here our project comes as rescue, we proposed an IOT BASED SMART
IRRIGATION MONITORING SYSTEM, it performs switching mechanism of
motors based on water level and moisture level sensors which collect the
data and send it to controller node mcu esp8266 which connects the
system with blynk server through which user can monitor the system from
anywhere.
• This process can be effectively used for large areas, where large piece of
land is divided into small sectors and sensors are placed at different
locations. The information from sensors will allow the user to pump
necessary amount of water at right time, there by reducing man power
and this entire process can be controlled remotely through blynk server
from our mobile phone.
 SOIL MOISTURE SENSOR

• Moisture Sensor Used to measure the volumetric water content by

using the dielectric constant, electric resistance properties of soil.
• It uses two probes, when inserted into the soil provides the repeated
moisture readings used for the irrigation.
• More water makes the soil to conduct more easily (less resistance)
while dry soil conducts poorly (more resistance)
PIN DIAGRAM
SPECIFICATION
FEATURES
 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION

• Arduino IDE is used for the simulation of

circuit

• CODING USED: Embedded C Language

 LCD

• LCD is a dot matrix liquid display crystal that displays alphanumeric,

Kana(Japanese) characters and symbols.
• Internal refresh is provided.
• All the functions required for dot matrix LCD drive are internally
provided.
• Built-in oscillator circuit.
Relay:
• It is an electric switch that use an electromagnet to move the switch
from OFF to ON position instead of a person moving the switch.
• Single pole double throw relay is used
AC Motor
• An electric motor uses electric energy to produce mechanical
energy.
• Electric motors are found in household appliances such as fans,
pool pumps, refrigerator, washing machines etc
 RESISTOR
• A resistor is a two-terminal electronic component that produces a
voltage across its terminals that is proportional to the electric current
through it in accordance with Ohm's law:
• V = IR

• The primary characteristics of a resistor are the resistance, the

tolerance, maximum working voltage and the power rating. Other
characteristics include temperature coefficient, noise, and inductance
 LED
• A light-emitting diode (LED) is an electronic light source.

• LEDs are used as indicator lamps in many kinds of electronics and

increasingly for lighting.

• LEDs are based on the semiconductor diode.

• The longer lead is the Anode side and the short one is the Cathode
side.
 TRANSISTOR
• A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify and switch
electronic signals and electrical power.

• It is composed of semiconductor material with at least three

terminals for connection to an external circuit.
 
Applications:
• Useful Irrigation in Fields.
• Useful Irrigation In Gardens, Parks.
• This Irrigation System is very efficient for Paddy, Rice Fields.
• It is effective in Pisciculture also
 ADVANTAGES AND
DISADAVANTAGES

• ADVANTAGES:
• Works according to the soil moisture condition.
• Complete elimination of manpower.
• Fully automated irrigation system which will turn ON and OFF a water
pump as per the level of moisture in soil.
• Highly sensitive, low cost and reliable circuit.
• Can handle heavy loads.
• DISADVANTAGE:
• This is economical only for large farms.
• Smart Farming continuously require internet connectivity.

18
 FUTURE EXTENSION

• The working of the project is dependent on the output of humidity

sensors. Whenever there is a need for excess water in the desired
field (RICE crops), then it will not be possible by using sensor
technology.
• For this, we will have to adopt the DTMF technology. By using this,
we will be able to irrigate the desired field & in desired amount.
 CONCLUSION
In present days, especially farmers are facing major problems in
watering their agriculture fields, it’s because they have no proper
idea of when the power is available so that they can pump water.
Even after then they need to wait until the field is properly watered,
which makes them stop doing other activities.
Here is an idea that helps not only farmers even for watering the
gardens also, which senses the soil moisture and switches the pump
automatically when the power is ON.
It will not only automatically irrigate the water based on the moisture
level in the soil but also send the Data to Blynk Server to keep track
of the land condition.
Automatic Irrigation System is very useful.
 TESTING OF PROJECT

• With the knowledge of operation of the system was tested step

by step to the transistor output and the load was connected
across the collector terminal of the transistor.
ASSEMBLING
• The whole system was packed in a plastic casing and
provision was made for the IR to sense light from the outside.
Software installation:
• A bootloader needs to be flashed using USB to Serial or ST-
Link (SWD). See Flashing the bootloader.
 WHAT IS WHITE BOX TESTING

White box testing is testing where we use the info available from
the code of the component to generate tests.
This info is usually used to achieve coverage in one way or
another – e.g.
• Code coverage
• Path coverage
• Decision coverage
Debugging will always be white-box testing
 WHAT IS BLACK BOX TESTING

Black box testing is also called functional testing. The main ideas
are simple:
1. Define initial component state, input and expected output for
the test.
2. Set the component in the required state.
3. Give the defined input
4. Observe the output and compare to the expected output.
Unit Testing:
• Unit testing is usually conducted as part of a combined code
and unit test phase of the software lifecycle, although it is not
uncommon for coding and unit testing to be conducted as two
distinct phases.
Integration Testing
• Software integration testing is the incremental integration
testing of two or more integrated software components on a single
platform to produce failures caused by interface defects.
 OPPORTUNITIES

• There are huge opportunities in the local market since these types of
automations are not yet penetrated to the villages and rural markets .

• Agriculture still uses conventional methods for many cases so that a huge
opportunities are still awaiting in rural India

28
 APPLICATIONS

 Useful for irrigation in Fields.

 Useful for irrigation in Gardens, Parks.
 Effective in Pisciculture also.

29
 REFERENCES

[1] Abhinav Raj pal, Sumit Jain, Nistha Khare and Anil Kumar Shukla
“Microcontrolled-based Automatic Irrigation System with Moisture
Sensor”, ICSE, 2011
[2] K.Prathyusha1, M. Chaitanya Suman2, “Design of embedded systems for
the automation of drip irrigation”, IJAIEM Volume 1, Issue 2, October 2012
[3] K S S Prasad, Nitesh Kumar, Nitish Kumar Sinha and Palash Kumar
Saha,“Water-saving Irrigation System based on Automatic Control by Using
GSM Technology”, Middle-East Journal of science Research 12(12), IDOSI
publiccations,2012
[4] S R Kumbhar, Arjun P Gauley “ Arduino controller based Controlled
Irrigation System for Plantation”, International Multi Conference of
Engineers and Computer Scientists volume II, March 2013

30
31