Automatic Plant Watering System App

Anjali Neware Niyati Harne Ekta Sahare

Computer Science and Engineering Computer Science and Engineering Computer Science and Engineering
KDK College of Engineering KDK College of Engineering KDK College of Engineering
Nagpur, India Nagpur, India Nagpur, India
anjalineware247@gmail.com niyatiharne8gmail.com ektasahare20@gmail.com

Vrushali Mate Snehal Lambade

Computer Science and Engineering Computer Science and Engineering
KDK College of Engineering KDK College of Engineering
Nagpur, India Nagpur, India
matevrushali2002@gmail.com snehallambade404@gmail.com

Abstract—Watering is both the most labour- months. In this project, a Moisture sensor will be
intensive and crucial practise in everyday agricultural used to maintain the optimum level of moisture for
or gardening operations. You want to be able to
your plants. This system can be implemented, both
adjust the environment no matter what the weather is
like, whether it's too hot and dry or too gloomy and for your garden or for your Indoor plants thus
damp how much water gets to your plants. Plants taking care of your leafy pets when you are away.
might be efficiently watered as needed using
contemporary irrigation systems. However, two This project is a mini model for gardening purpose
crucial factors must be taken into account while using at home which contains three modules- one for
this manual watering method: when and how much to measuring soil moisture content in soil and two for
water. We developed an autonomous plant watering detecting water level in tank and the other is
system to replace manual tasks and simplify the job of application which helps in controlling the
gardeners. You may assist all of the plants in the hardware.
garden or agricultural field to attain their maximum
potential by installing an automatic plant watering
This paper highlights the working of the
system. An automated irrigation system have been existing technologies such as Arduino, Sensors and
developed using sensors technology with Arduino to so on. This paper is organized as follows - Section
efficiently utilize water for irrigation purpose. The II summarizes the literature review on the existing
system has soil moisture sensor inserted into the soil systems. Section III describes the framework
of the plants and a water level sensor placed in a applied on this project. Finally, Section IV
water container from where water will be pumped to describes the working/methodology of the project,
plants for irrigation. And to control the Arduino, we Section V represents implementation details of this
have made an application which will make it easier to project, in Section VI results of an experiment have
track water level in plants.
been discussed, Section VII presents conclusion
Keywords—Arduino UNO, watering, automatic and future scope and at last is the reference papers.
system, application.

I. INTRODUCTION II. RELATED WORK

Every one of us likes a little greenery in our A In [1] author has discussed the benefits of using
wireless sensor technologies and standards for
houses, don’t we? Plants require really low
wireless communications applied on wireless
maintenance and can be left for days without
sensors in agriculture field over traditional
supervision but our long trips extending over a mechanisms of irrigation by analysing the market
week or 2 can be detrimental for the health of growth. In [2] author has described a wireless
plants due to the lack of moisture in the soil. In sensor network implementation for low data rate
such situations, the plant may wither or die due to applications in agriculture by using wireless
the absence of proper watering. In order to solve stations that work on solar power and the moisture
this problem, in this project, we are making an is sensed using dual-probe heat-pulse method. In
Automatic Watering System App with an Arduino [5] author has designed an irrigation system which
Uno which will irrigate your plants automatically is site specific in which irrigation machine is
and keep them healthy and track your plant’s health electronically controlled by a program which
even when you are out of the town for weeks or updates the geographic location of sprinklers from
a GPS and communicate that wirelessly to base
station. In [10] author has developed a project This is due to the sensor that is embedded within
Carnegie Mellon University for plant nursery by the plant and measures the soil moisture level and
creating a sensor/actuator network and a web-based controls the water pump. The system operates on
GUI to view the real-time data collected. the premise that soil moisture levels are measured
using sensor technologies, and the microcontroller
regulates the water pump to supply the plant with
A. Problem statement
adequate water as needed. The potential
Throughout daily activity, a lot of individuals applications for this system are covered in the
frequently neglect to It is difficult for them to following sentences.
maintain the health and life of their plants since
Automated plant watering systems may be utilised
they do not water them. It is also difficult for
to provide both specific and general applications
During a water drought, farmers must maintain
and solutions, while the former has an array of
their fields and control plant watering. The
benefits. And the application will help the user to
aforementioned context led us to believe that it is
maintain the plant health more effectively.
essential to develop the automated system. which
will take care of plants and encourage their healthy
growth while taking into account all the various
elements of home gardening systems (for systems B. Device Driver
based on domestic purposes) and bigger landscapes A device driver is a piece of inserted code
(for systems based on agricultural farms). We also corresponded for a specific piece of hardware.
think that technology may aid in plant cultivation, Device drivers work within the kernel layer of the
not just through automation but also through digital operating system. The kernel is the part of the
communications (notifying the user of the plant's operating system that directly interacts with the
present state, for example, is crucial to notice). physical structure of the system. Instead of accessing
Therefore, the goal of our research is to put into a device directly, an operating system loads the
practise a straightforward system that uses device drivers and calls the appropriate functions in
autonomous irrigation to water a tiny potted plant the driver software to execute appropriate task on the
or crop with little assistance from humans. device. Each driver contains the device-specific
codes required to carry out the actions on the device.

III. METHODOLOGY

The soil's moisture and temperature are continually C. Connectivity between Devices
sensed by the autonomous plant watering system. Serial communications provide an easy and flexible
When the desired level of soil moisture is reached, way for your Arduino board to interact with your
the system responds accordingly by watering the computer and other devices. This paper explains
soil with exactly the right amount of water and then how to send and receive data using their capabilities.
turning off the water supply. A standard quantity of The uploading process sends the data from our
soil the microcontroller has already been supplied computer to Arduino and it returns status messages
moisture in advance. About the three most typical back to the computer to confirm the transfer is
soil types (sandy, loamy, and clayey soils), this working. This paper shows how to use this
reference soil moisture content was designed to be communication link to send and receive any
modifiable. The probes for the moisture and information between Arduino and our computer or
temperature sensors were built of corrosion- another serial device. The Arduino IDE provides a
resistant material and may be inserted into soil Serial Monitor to display serial data received by
samples. By measuring the resistance between two Arduino. We have to connect our Microcontroller to
electrodes, voltage values corresponding to the soil our laptops for getting the data for processing is
sample's wet and dry states were calculated. being connected by USB adapters.

Some popular USB adapters include:

A. Overview
• Mini USB Adapter
The fact that our plant has avoided dehydration and (http://arduino.cc/en/Main/MiniUSB)
has kept growing without any issues or deficiencies • FTDI USB TTL Adapter
is a great and expected result of our experiment. (http://www.ftdichip.com/Products/FT232
R.htm)
 • Modern Device USB BUB board using soil moisture sensors that may be placed into
(http://shop.moderndevice.com/products/u the ground.
sb-bub)

D. Components

• Arduino UNO:

Arduino Uno can be implemented for IoT projects.

They're mini computers that can make a big impact
on how we join devices and the internet. Arduino
UNO is a microcontroller that helps makers build
connected objects in a fast, easy, and secure way also
connects multiple devices and allows them to
exchange real-time data. We can also keep a track
on them from anywhere using a simple user
interface. It acts as the brain of the system and
processes the data from the sensor. Arduino IDE is
an open-source hardware platform that is easily Fig 1.2: Soil Moister Sensor
available for dabbler& enthusiasts across the globe
to build projects. It comes with an ATMEGA
microcontroller that processes the data and • DC Motor:
facilitates the proper working of the IoT system.
And the advantage of Arduino is that it can be Any of a group of rotating electric motors that use
programmed ‘n’ several times making it is possible direct current (DC) electricity to create mechanical
for us to build different types of IoT projects just by energy is referred to as a DC motor. The most
changing a simple code. prevalent kinds depend on the forces created by
induced magnetic fields brought on by current
flowing through the coil. For a portion of the
motor's current to sometimes shift direction, almost
all types of DC motors contain an internal
mechanism that is either electromechanical or
electronic

Due to their ability to be supplied by existing

direct-current lighting power distribution networks,
DC motors were the first type of motors that were
extensively employed. A DC motor's speed may be
varied across a large range by varying the supply
voltage or the amount of current flowing through
its field windings. Tools utilise small DC motors.

Fig1.1: Arduino UNO

• Soil Moisture Sensor:

A soil moisture sensor gauges the amount of water

in the soil. Multiple soil moisture sensors make into
a soil moisture probe. The most often used soil
moisture sensor technologies are: Frequency
domain sensor, such a capacitive sensor. A neutron
moisture metre, a feature of neutron moderators
that employ water. The soil resistance. In this
project, we'll measure the soil moisture content Fig 1.3: DC Motor
• Transistor tracks the water level of plant and other
functionalities.
A transistor is a tiny semiconductor that regulates
or controls the flow of current or voltage in REFERENCES
addition to producing, amplifying, and functioning
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Environmental Monitoring: A Position Article”,
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one of two clearly defined states, on or off . Elsevier, 2009.
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IV. CONCLUSION wireless sensors and network application in
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WATERING SYSTEM APP" has been Sensor/Actuator Networks in an Agricultural
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moisture sensors gauge the various plants' moisture
content (or moisture level). The moisture sensor
alerts the microcontroller if the moisture level is
below the acceptable level, which causes the water
pump to switch on and feed the appropriate plant
with water. The mechanism automatically stops
when the target moisture level is attained, and the
water pump is shut off. Consequently, the
efficiency. The application is android application
which relates to Bluetooth module of Arduino and