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DESIN PROPOSAL

The document outlines a project proposal for an automatic irrigation system designed to monitor and regulate plant watering through the integration of sensors, microcontrollers, and user interfaces. It aims to conserve water, improve plant health, and reduce manual labor by automating the irrigation process. Key components include soil moisture and ultrasonic sensors, an Arduino control unit, and a user-friendly LCD display for real-time feedback.

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4 views

DESIN PROPOSAL

The document outlines a project proposal for an automatic irrigation system designed to monitor and regulate plant watering through the integration of sensors, microcontrollers, and user interfaces. It aims to conserve water, improve plant health, and reduce manual labor by automating the irrigation process. Key components include soil moisture and ultrasonic sensors, an Arduino control unit, and a user-friendly LCD display for real-time feedback.

Uploaded by

ademasfaw222
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WACHEMO UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRO MECHANICAL

PROJECT TITTLE; AUTOMATIC IRRIGATION FOR PLANT

PROPOSAL/CONCEPT OF PROJECT

ADVISOR:MR ELIAS DAMITE(MSC)

NOVEMBER.2024/2017E.C.
2017/2024

SUMMARY OF PTOJECT

System Overview
The system integrates hardware and software components to continuously monitor soil and water
reservoir conditions. Based on sensor readings, the system makes decisions, such as activating
the irrigation mechanism when the soil moisture level falls below a certain threshold. It also
ensures real-time feedback and user control through a 20x4 LCD display and virtual terminal.
- Monitoring: The soil moisture sensor measures the water content in the soil and sends this data
to the Arduino. The ultrasonic sensor continuously monitors the water level in the reservoir.
- Decision-Making: The Arduino processes sensor data. If the soil moisture falls below a set
threshold and the reservoir has sufficient water, the Arduino activates the irrigation system.
- Irrigation Process: The Arduino sends a signal to the DC motor, which powers the water pump.
Water is distributed through sprinklers or drip lines. Irrigation stops automatically once the
desired soil moisture level is reached.
- User Feedback: The LCD display provides updates on key parameters, such as soil moisture
percentage, reservoir status, and pump activity. The virtual terminal offers remote monitoring
and control capabilities for added convenience.
- Adjustment: Users can fine-tune system settings using potentiometers to adapt to specific
plants, soil types, or environmental conditions.

Automatic Irrigation System for Plants


PROJECT Page 2
2017/2024

Introduction
The automatic irrigation system is a modern technological innovation aimed at automating the
watering process for plants. The system uses a combination of sensors, microcontrollers,
actuators, and display interfaces to monitor and regulate irrigation in real time. Its primary goal
is to conserve water, improve plant health, and reduce human intervention while ensuring a cost-
effective and sustainable solution.
1 Arduino Uno
Acts as the central control unit of the system. Processes input signals from sensors and executes
pre-programmed instructions to activate motors and update displays. Provides the logic for
decision-making based on real-time data.
2 Soil Moisture Sensor
Measures the water content of the soil. Sends analog signals to the Arduino, which interprets
them to determine whether the soil is dry or wet. Serves as the trigger for starting or stopping
irrigation.
3 Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04)
Measures the water level in the reservoir by calculating the distance from the sensor to the water
surface. Alerts the user when water levels are critically low to prevent pump operation in a dry
state.
4 20x4 LCD Display
Displays important system information, such as soil moisture percentage, water level status, and
irrigation activity. Enhances user interaction by providing clear, real-time feedback.
Virtual Terminal
Acts as a digital interface for remote monitoring and control. Allows users to view system status
on connected devices like computers or smartphones.
DC Motors
Drive the water pump to deliver water to the irrigation system. Operate efficiently under the
control of the Arduino, ensuring precise water delivery.
Potentiometers
Allow users to adjust system parameters such as soil moisture thresholds, motor speed, and LCD
display brightness. Provide flexibility to customize the system for various plant types and
environmental conditions.
Electronic Components (Transistors, Resistors, Capacitors, Inductors)
Support the electronic circuitry of the system. Transistors control the operation of high-current
devices like motors. Resistors, capacitors, and inductors stabilize the circuit and manage power
flow to prevent damage to components.

PROJECT Page 3
2017/2024

- Water Conservation: The system prevents overwatering by irrigating only when necessary,
ensuring efficient water use. Reduces water wastage caused by runoff or evaporation.
- Labor Efficiency: Automates the irrigation process, eliminating the need for manual watering.
Saves time and effort for users, allowing them to focus on other tasks.
- Improved Plant Health: Ensures plants receive optimal water levels, promoting healthy growth.
Prevents water stress and root rot caused by overwatering or underwatering.
- Cost-Effective Solution: Reduces water and energy consumption, lowering operational costs.
Minimizes maintenance requirements with robust and efficient components.
- Scalability and Adaptability: The system can be scaled up for larger fields or customized for
specific crops. Adjustable parameters make it suitable for diverse environmental and soil
conditions.
- Sustainability: Promotes efficient use of natural resources, contributing to environmental
conservation. Can be integrated with renewable energy sources like solar panels for enhanced
sustainability.
Applications
- Agriculture: Large-scale farming operations where water management is critical.
- Gardening: Small home gardens and urban green spaces.
- Greenhouses: Controlled environments requiring precise water and humidity levels.
- Landscaping: Parks, golf courses, and other areas with significant water requirements.

PROJECT Page 4

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