Automatic Watering System

Sein Yan1, Khant Mon Aung1, Zay Yar Phyo1, Wai Yan Tun1, Kyaw Swar Min1, Wah Wah May Phu1,
Phyu Sin Thaw1, Nyein Nyein Htwe1, Nu Nu Wai1, Shwe Yee Oo1, Dr. Myint Myint Soe2, Thi Ha Tun3 ,
1
Students, Department of Avionics
2
Professor, Department of Avionics
3
Lecturer, Department of Avionics
Myanmar Aerospace Engineering University

Abstract - In this project, an automation of plant watering solid state relays. Relays are used wherever it's necessary
and soil moisture controls by Arduino using soil moisture to regulate a circuit by a separate low-power signal, or
sensor. This automatic watering system senses the moisture wherever many circuits should be controlled by one
content of the soil and automatically switches the pump signal. The essential relays were handling in long
when the power is on. When soil goes dry, pump will start distance communicate circuits as amplifiers, they
watering. The aim of this project is to reduce water usage unbroken the signal coming back in from one circuit and
and automatic watering can be used for save time and low re-transmitted it on another circuit.
power monitor device.
Keywords – soil moisture sensor, Arduino , water pump
(iv) LCD
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic
I. INTRODUCTION
display module and find a wide range of applications. A
The main aim of this project is to provide water to the
16x2 LCD display is very basic module and is very
plants or gardening automatically using Arduino. We can
commonly used in various devices and circuits.
automatically watering the plant when we are going on
vacation. When the components are activated, all the
(v) Power Supply Card
components will read and gives the output signal to the
A DC power supply is one that supplies a constant
Arduino and the information will be display to the user.
DC voltage to its load. Depending on its design, a DC
The sensor readings are analog in nature so the ADC pin
power supply may be powered from a DC source or from
in the controller will convert the analog signals into
a AC source such as the power mains.
digital format. Then, the controller will access the
information and when the motor is turned on/off, it will
(vi) Mini Water Pump
be displayed on the LCD.
The water pump is used to artificially supply water
for a particular task. It can be electronically controlled by
II. SYSTEM COMPONENTS
interfacing it to a microcontroller. It can be triggered
In the following section, the system block diagram
on/off by sending signals as required. The process of
and hardware components have been described.
artificially supplying water is known as pumping.
A. HARDWARE COMPONENTS
B. SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
The major components of automatic watering system
are as follows:
 Arduino UNO
 Soil moisture sensor
 2channel relay
 LCD
 Power supply card
 Mini water pump

(i) Arduino Uno

The Arduino board exposes most of the Figure 1.Block Diagram for Automatic watering
microcontroller's I/O pins for use by other circuits. It system
provides 14 digital I/O pins, six of which can produce III. IMPLEMENTATION
An automatic plant watering system using Arduino
pulse-width modulated signals, and six analog inputs, Uno is programmed such that it gives the interrupt signals
which can also be used as six digital I/O pins. to the motor pump. Soil sensor is connected to the A0 pin
(ii) Soil Moisture sensor to the Arduino board which senses the moisture content
Soil moisture sensors measure the humidity of water present in the soil. Whenever the soil moisture content
content in soil. Since the direct hydrometric measuring of value goes down, the sensor senses the humidity changes,
free soil wetness needs removing, drying, and coefficient sends signals to the microcontroller so that the pump can
of a sample, soil wetness sensors live the meter water be activated. This concept can be used for automatic plant
content indirectly by victimization. watering system. The circuit comprises an Arduino board,
(iii) 2channel Relay soil moisture sensor, mini water pump, LCD and power
A relay is an electrically operated switch. Several supply card.
relays use a magnet to automatically operate a switch,
however alternative in operation principles are used, like
 V. CONCLUSION
Thus the “Automated watering system based on soil
moisture using Arduino” has been designed and tested
successfully. It has been developed by integrated features
of all the hardware components used. Presence of every
module has been reasoned out and placed carefully, thus
contributing to the best working of the unit. The system
has been tested to function automatically. The moisture
sensors measure the moisture level (water content) of the
different plants. If the moisture level is goes to be below
the desired and limited level, the moisture sensor sends
the signal to the Arduino board which triggers the Water
Pump to turn ON and supply the water to respective
plant. When the desired moisture level is reached, the
system halts on itself and the water Pump is turned OFF.
Thus, the functionality of the entire system has been
tested thoroughly and it is said to function successfully.

Figure 2. Automatic Watering System

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The kindness and favour of Dr. Myint Myint
IV. Test and Result Soe and U Thiha Tun, Department of Avionics,
Myanmar Aerospace Engineering University,
are gratefully acknowledged. Also, we would
like to express our
special thanks to our parents for their noble
support and
encouragement.

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Figure 3. The plant is watered when the soil is dry. temperature and water status,ǁComput. Electron.
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Figure 4. Implementation result for soil moisture